Term
| What is the function of the heart? |
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Definition
| Endocrine gland and pumps blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| A double-walled sac enclosing the heart consisting of the pericardial sac and epicardium. |
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Term
| What is the pericardial sac? |
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Definition
| Parietal pericardium; the outer wall/fibrous layer of the pericardium. |
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Term
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Definition
| The visceral pericardium; serous membrane of the pericardium. |
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Term
| What are the 4 chambers of the heart? |
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Definition
| The left and right atrium and the left and right ventricles. |
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Term
| What is the right atrioventricular valve? |
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Definition
| Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle. |
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Term
| What is the left atrioventricular valve? |
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Definition
| Between the left atrium and left ventricle. |
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Term
| What is the pulmonary semilunar valve? |
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Definition
| Between the right ventricle and pumlonary trunk. |
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Term
| What is the aortic semilunar valve? |
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Definition
| Between the left ventricle and aorta. |
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Term
| What is the intraventriclar septum? |
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Definition
| Longitudinal wall dividing the right and left halves of the heart. |
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Term
| What is chordea tendineae? |
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Definition
| Connect the valves to the papillary muscles on the floor of the ventricle. |
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Term
| What is papillary muscle? |
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Definition
| Connect the valves to the floor of the ventricles with the chordae tendineae. |
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Term
| What are the 8 great vessels of the heart? |
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Definition
| Inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, coronary sinus, aorta, 2 pulmonary arteries and 2 pulmonary veins. |
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Term
| What is the pulmonary flow of blood through the heart? |
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Definition
1. Blood from body goes into the superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus.
2. From the superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus blood goes into the right atrium.
3. From the right atrium blood goes into the right A/V valve
4. From the right A/V valve blood goes into the right ventricle.
5. From the right ventricle blood goes into the pulmonary semilunar valve.
6. From the pulmonary semilunar valve blood goes to the pulmonary trunk.
7. From the pulmonary trunk blood goes into the pulmonary arteries.
8. From the pulmonary arteries blood goes into the lungs. |
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Term
| What is the systemic flow of blood through the heart? |
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Definition
1. From the lungs the blood goes into the pulmonary veins.
2. From the pulmonary veins blood goes to the left atrium.
3. From the left atrium blood goes to the left A/V valve.
4. From the left A/V valve, blood goes to the left ventricle.
5. From the left ventricle, blood goes to the aortic semilunar valve.
6. From the aortic semilunar valve, blood goes to the aorta.
7. From the aorta, blood goes to the rest of the body. |
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Term
| What is the foramen ovale? |
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Definition
| In the fetal heart and is located between the right and left atrium. |
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Term
| What is the ductus arteriosis? |
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Definition
| In fetal heart, connects the pulmonary trunk with the aorta. |
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Term
| What is ligamentum arteriosum? |
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Definition
| Ductus arteriosis turns into after fetal development of the heart. |
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Term
| What is the pacemaker and where is it located? |
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Definition
| The sinoatrial (SA) node located in the right atrium. |
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Term
| What is the pacemaker's function? |
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Definition
| Initiates each heartbeat and determines the heart rate. |
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Term
| What is the route of the cardiac conduction system? |
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Definition
| 1. SA node fires in right atrium 2. Excitation spreads from the atrial myocardium 3. AV node fires which is located near the right AV valve4. Excitation spreads down AV bundle (bundle of HIS) which is located down the interventricular septum and descends toward apex of heart 5. Purkinje fibers distribute excitation through ventricular myocardium (located near the wall of the ventricals) |
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Term
| what are the Perkinje fiber's function? |
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Definition
| distribute the electrical excitation to the myocytes of the ventricles. |
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Term
| What is the cardiac conduction system? |
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Definition
| Controls the route and timing of stimulation to ensure that the 4 heart chambers are coordinated with eachother. |
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Term
| What is myocardial infarction (MI)? |
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Definition
| sudden death of a patch of tissue in heart deprived of its blood flow. |
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Term
| What is the right coronary artery's (RCA) function? |
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Definition
| Supplies the right atrium and sinoatrial node (pacemaker). |
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Term
| Where is the right coronary artery located? |
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Definition
| Comes off the aorta behind the pulmonary trunk, continues along the coronary sulcus under the right auricle |
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Term
| Where is the left coronary artery (LCA) located? |
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Definition
| Starts off the aorta and travels through the coronary sulcus under the left auricle |
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Term
| What is the function of the anterior interventricular branch? |
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Definition
| Supplies blood to both ventricles and the anterior two-thirds of the interventricular septum. |
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Term
| Where is the anterior inteventricular branch located? |
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Definition
| travels down the anterior interventricular sulcus |
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Term
| Where is the right marginal branch location? |
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Definition
| Branches off the right coronary artery and runs toward the apex of the heart. |
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Term
| What is the function of the right marginal branch? |
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Definition
| Supplies blood to the lateral aspect of the right atrium and ventricle. |
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Term
| What is the location of the posterior interventricular branch? |
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Definition
| Travels down the posterior sulcus of the heart and joins the anterior interventriuclar branch of the left coronary artery. |
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Term
| What is the function of the posterior interventriuclar branch? |
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Definition
| Supplies blood to the posterior walls of both ventricles as well as the posterior portion of the interventricular setpum. |
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Term
| Where does all blood returning to the heart drain and which part of the heart does it enter? |
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Definition
| Corony sinus. Coronary sinus drains into the right atrium (Systemic). |
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Term
| What does an ECG or EKG monitor? |
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Definition
| The heart's conduction system. |
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Term
| What 2 branches does the right coronary artery give off? |
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Definition
| right marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch. |
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Term
| What 2 branches does the left coronary artery give off? |
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Definition
| anterior interventricular branch and the circumflex branch. |
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