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Ch. 19 Lymphatic System
Study for Final Exam
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
04/26/2009

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Term
lymphatic vessels
Definition
elaborate system of drainage vessels that collect the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and returns it to the bloodstream
Term
lymph
Definition
term for the fluid collected by a lymphatic vessel
Term
lymphatic capillaries
Definition
beginning of the lymphatic vessel. blind ended. usually found in loose connective tissue.
Term
minivalve
Definition
flap-like opening on the lymphatic capillary allowing for its impressive permeability.
Term
lacteals
Definition
highly specialized lymphatic capillary in the intestinal mucosa. also take up fats. fluid looks like 'milk'
Term
chyle
Definition
fatty lymph taken up by lacteals.
Term
lymphatic collecting vessels
Definition
term for tubes that carry lymph through the body once it leaves the lymphatic capillaries.
Term
lymphatic trunks
Definition
formed by the union of collecting vessels. lumbar, brachomediastinal, subclavian, jugular, intestinal
Term
right lymphatic duct
Definition
drains right arm and half of face. smaller than other major duct.
Term
thoracic duct
Definition
major duct that drains most of the body.
Term
cisterna chyli
Definition
enlarged sac that collects fluid from the two large lumbar trunks.
Term
lymphocytes
Definition
'warriors' of the immune system. cells that act in specific immunity
Term
antigen
Definition
anything the body detects as being foreign
Term
B cells and T cells
Definition
2 types of cells that convey specific immunity
Term
plasma cells
Definition
daughter cells secreted by B cells that secrete antigens
Term
macrophages
Definition
these cells phagocytize foreign cells and activate T cells
Term
dendritic cells
Definition
spiny-looking cells that capture antigens and bring them back to the lymph nodes
Term
reticular cells
Definition
fibroblast-looking cells that produce the reticular fiber 'stroma'
Term
stroma
Definition
reticular fiber produced by reticular cells that supports other cells types in lymphoid organs
Term
reticular connective tissue
Definition
type of connective tissue that lymphatic tissue is made out of
Term
diffuse lymphatic tissue
Definition
scattered reticular tissue elements comprise this 'package' type
Term
lymphoid nodules (sometimes form PART of a lymph nodes)
Definition
solid, spherical bodies that are packaged tightly together; made of reticular elements and lymphatic cells
Term
germinal centers
Definition
lighter staining center in a lymph node. dendritic cells and b cells reside here. area enlarges rapidly when b cells dividing and releasing plasma cells
Term
lymph node
Definition
principle lymphatic organ of the body
Term
afferent lymphatic vessels
Definition
lymph enters on convex side through these
Term
subcapsular sinus
Definition
lymph passes through this area within lymph nodes
Term
hilum
Definition
indented region on concave side of lymph node that lymph leaves from
Term
lymphoid organ
Definition
aggregates of lymphatic tissues within the body
Term
white pulp
Definition
areas of reticular tissues in spleen composed mainly of lymphocytes suspended
Term
red pulp
Definition
areas of splenic tissue rich in blood but not lymphocytes
Term
splenic cords
Definition
regions of reticular connective tissue rich in macrophages
Term
thymus
Definition
secretes hormones that cause T lymphocytes to become immunocompetent
Term
thymic (Hassall's) corpuscles
Definition
circular keratinized epithelial cells in thymus. site of lymphocyte destruction.
Term
tonsils
Definition
simplest lymphoid organs that form ring around pharynx
Term
tonsillar crypts
Definition
areas in tonsils where deep invaginations form dead ends. bacteria collect ehre and enter lymphoid tissue. then get destroyed and body has 'memory' for these invaders
Term
peyer's patches
Definition
isolated clusters of lymphoid follicles surrounding intestine and in wall of appendix
Term
MALT
Definition
protects passages open to the exterior from never-ending onslaughts of foreign matter entering them
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