Term
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Definition
Monophyletic lineage of tetrapod vertebrates
Nonavian reptiles, birds, mammals |
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Term
Reptile Adaptions to Living on Land
(5) |
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Definition
Amniotic eggs w/ a thick shell
Stronger jaws and limbs
Thickened, dry, keratinized skin
High pressure cardiovascular system (3 & 4 chambered hearts)
Efficient lungs w/ greater SA and rib ventilation |
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Term
Four Extraembryonic Membranes in Eggs
(4) |
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Definition
Amnion (fluid-filled sack around embryo)
Allantois (stores metabolic wastes)
Chorion (respiratory surface)
Yolk sack (nutrient storage) |
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Term
Three Reptile Skull Patterns
(3) |
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Definition
Synaspids (1 pair fenestrae(holes))
Anaspids (no fenestrae pairs)
Diaspids (2 pairs fenestrae) |
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Term
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Definition
One pr temporal openings low on the cheeks
Lrg muscles that elevate the lower jaw
Temperature regulation in several pelycosaur lines
Gave rise to the mammals
Dimetrodon |
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Term
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Definition
Gave rise to all other "reptiles" and birds
Turtles (Testudines) secondarily evolved the anaspid condition
Skull has two temporal openings
Extinct dinosuars, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs |
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Term
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Definition
| Paraphyletic (excludes birds) |
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Term
Nonavian Reptile Clades and Orders
(3) |
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Definition
Archosauria (birds, crocodilians, extinct dinosaurs and pterosaurs)
Lepidosaura (tuataras, snakes, lizards)
Order Testudines (turtles) |
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Term
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Definition
Shells consist of dorsal carapace and ventral plastron
Scutes (plate-like scales)
Fusion of ribs and vertebrate
Lack teeth and use keratinized plates in beak
Poor hearing and vocalization |
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Term
Order Testudines Reproduction
(5) |
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Definition
Oviparous
Internal fertilization
Bury eggs in the ground
Low temp produces males
High temp produces females |
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Term
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Definition
Lizards, snakes, worm lizards
Comprise 95% of nonavian reptiles
Reduction of dermal bone in diaspid skull
Kinetic skull with movable joints
Allows consumption of larger prey |
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Term
Order Squamata Suborder
(2) |
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Definition
Sauria
Lizards, geckos, iguanas, skinks, monitors, chameleons |
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Term
Order Squamata Worm Lizards
(7) |
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Definition
Amphisbaenians
Lack external hindlimbs
Eyes sometimes hidden underneath skin
No external ear openings
Skull is conical or spade shaped
Skin formed in independently moving rings
Genus Bipes |
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Term
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Definition
Snakes
Most lost pectoral and pelvic girdles (not Boas & pythons)
Eyes permanently covered by fused transparent eyelids
Rely on chemical senses rather than vision or hearing
Jacobson's organs (olfactory senses)
Odour particles captured by tongue and delivered to vomeronasal organ |
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Term
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Definition
Tuatara
Ancient lineage
Only two extant species in New Zealand
Third parietal eye on top of its head
Photoreceptives regulates circadian rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
Crocodiles, alligators, caimans, and gharials
Teeth are set in sockets
Complete secondary palate (breathe when mouth is full)
Four chambered hearts (like birds and mammals)
Most complex maternal care of any nonavian reptile |
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