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Ch1
bold words in chapter 1
129
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/26/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
molecule
Definition
2 or more atoms
Term
atoms
Definition
smallest units of matter
Term
pathologic anatomy
Definition
examines all anatomic changes resulting from a disease
Term
chemical level
Definition
simplest level of organization within the body
Term
radiographic anatomy
Definition

studies the relationships among internal structures that may be visualized by specific scanning procedures

 

ex: ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging

Term
systemic anatomy
Definition

studies the gross anatomy of each system in the body

 

ex: urinary system

Term
surgical anatomy
Definition
investigates the anatomic landmarks used before and after surgery
Term
regional anatomy
Definition

examines all the structures in a particular region of the body as one complete unit

 

ex: skin, fat, bones, muscles, and nerves

Term
cells
Definition
large molecules join in specific ways
Term
cellular levels
Definition
specialized structural and functional units called organelles permit all living cells to share certain common functions
Term
surface anatomy
Definition

examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them.

Health care providers use surface features to identify and locate specific bony processes at joints as well as to obtain a pulse or blood sample 

Term
embryology
Definition
is concerned specifically with developmental changes prior to birth
Term
developmental anatomy
Definition
investigates the changes in structure within the individual form conception through maturity
Term
gross anatomy
Definition
investigates structures and relationships of large body parts that are visible to the unaided eye
Term

cytology

(or cellular anatomy)

Definition
is the study of single body cells and their internal structures
Term
microscopic anatomy
Definition
examines structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye
Term
comparative anatomy
Definition
examines the similarities and differences in the anatomy of species
Term
histology
Definition
the study of tissue
Term
organ system level
Definition
consists of related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function
Term
tissue levels
Definition
group of similar cells with a common function
Term
organization
Definition
all organisms exhibit a complex structure and order
Term
tissues
Definition
precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions
Term
metabolism
Definition
all organisms carry out various chemical reactions
Term
organ level
Definition
different tissue types combine to form an organ
Term
organ
Definition
contain 2 or more tissue types that work together to perform specific complex functions
Term
organismal level
Definition
the highest level of structural organization in the body
Term
anatomic position
Definition
an individual stands upright with their feet parallel and flat on the floor. the head is level, arms at side of body and palms up with thumbs facing body
Term
growth and development
Definition
during here lifetime organisms assimilate materials from their environment and exhibit increased size and decreased specialization as a related form and function
Term
antebrachial
Definition
forearm
Term
axillary
Definition
armpit
Term
antecubical
Definition
region anterior to the elbow
Term
transverse plane
Definition
cuts perpendicular the long axis of the body or organ
Term
nasal
Definition
nose
Term
auricular
Definition
ear
Term
midsagittal plane
Definition
extends through body or organ vertically and divides the structure into right and left halves
Term
mental
Definition
chin
Term
abdominal
Definition
region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones
Term
axial region
Definition
head neck and trunk
Term
oblique plane
Definition
passes through the specimen at an angle
Term
appendicular region
Definition
limbs, appendages
Term
coronal plane
Definition
vertical plane that divides the body in front and back
Term
Hallux
Definition
great toe
Term
buccal
Definition
cheek
Term
femoral
Definition
thigh
Term
digital
Definition
fingers or toes
Term
crural
Definition
leg
Term
cervical
Definition
neck
Term
gluteal
Definition
buttock
Term
brachial
Definition
arm
Term
dorsal
Definition
back side
Term
fibular
Definition
lateral aspect of the leg
Term
frontal
Definition
forehead
Term
deltoid
Definition
shoulder
Term
cranial
Definition
skull
Term
coxal
Definition
hip
Term
cephalic
Definition
head
Term
calcaneal
Definition
heel of foot
Term
orbital
Definition
eye
Term
pelvic
Definition
pelvis
Term
occipital
Definition
posterior aspect of the hand
Term
olecranal
Definition
posterior of elbow
Term
patellar
Definition
kneecap
Term
lumbar
Definition
relating to the loins or part of the back and sides between the hips and pelvis
Term
manus
Definition
hand
Term
inguinal
Definition
groin
Term
oral
Definition
mouth
Term
plamar
Definition
palm of hands
Term
mammary
Definition
breast
Term
pollex
Definition
thumb
Term
perineal
Definition
diamond shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive regions
Term
pupliteal
Definition
area of posterior to the knees
Term
plantar
Definition
sole of foot
Term
pes
Definition
foot
Term
pes
Definition
foot
Term
umbilical
Definition
navel
Term
sternal
Definition
anterior middle region of the thorax
Term
tarsal
Definition
root of the foot
Term
ulnar
Definition
medial aspect of the forearm
Term
sural
Definition
calf
Term
thoracic
Definition
chest or thorax
Term
scaral
Definition
posterior region between hip bones
Term
tibial
Definition
medial aspect of the leg
Term
scapular
Definition
shoulder blade
Term
radial
Definition
lateral aspect of the forearm
Term
vertebral
Definition
spinal column
Term

parietal

peritoneum

Definition
outer layer of this serous membrane
Term

visceral

peritoneum

Definition
inner layor of serous membrane
Term
peritoneum
Definition
2 layered serous membrane that line abdominopelvic cavity
Term
epigasitic region
Definition
superior region in the middle column
Term
anterior
Definition
in front of
Term
posterior
Definition
in back of
Term
dorsal
Definition
back
Term
ventral
Definition
belly side
Term
superior
Definition
closer to head
Term
inferior
Definition
closer to feet
Term
caudal
Definition
rear or tail end
Term
cranial
Definition
at head end
Term
medial
Definition
toward midline of body
Term
lateral
Definition
away from midline of body
Term
deep
Definition
on the inside
Term
superficial
Definition
on the outside
Term
proximal
Definition
closest to point of attatchment to trunk
Term
distal
Definition
furthest from point of attatchment to trunk
Term
axial skeleton
Definition
skull ribs and vertebrae
Term
appendicular skeleton
Definition
bones of the appendages along with pectoral and pelvic girdles
Term
skull
Definition
composed of cranial and facial bones
Term
cranium
Definition
surrounds and encloses the brain, made up of 8 bones: the unpaired ethmoid, frontal, occipital, and sphenoid bones and the paired parietal and temporal bones
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
encloses protects and supports the brain
Term
carotid canal
Definition
petrous part of temporal bone, the internal carotid artery passes through it
Term
cribiform foramina
Definition
cribiform plate of ethmoid bone, olfactory nerves run through
Term
foramen lacerum
Definition
between petrous part of temporal bone, sphenoid bone and occipital bone
Term
foramen magnum
Definition
occipital bone; vertebral arteries, spinal chord and accessory nerves run through it
Term
foramen ovale
Definition
greater wing of sphenoid bone; mandibular branch of trigeminale nerve runs through
Term
foramen rotundum
Definition
greater wing of sphenoid bone; maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve runs through
Term
foramen spinosum
Definition
greater wing of sphenoid bone; middle meningeal vessels run through
Term
hypoglossal canal
Definition
anteromedial to occipital condyle of occipital bone; hypoglossal nerve runs through
Term
inferior orbital fissure
Definition
junction of maxilla sphenoid and zygomatic bones; infraorbital nerve runs through
Term
jugular foramen
Definition
between temporal bone and occipital bone, posterior to carotid canal; internal jugular vein, glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve and accessory nerve
Term
mastoid foramen
Definition
posterior to mastoid process of temporal bone; mastoid emissary veins
Term
optic canal
Definition
posteromedial part of orbit in lesser wing of sphenoid bone; optic nerve
Term
stylomastoid foramen
Definition
between mastoid and styloid processes of temporal bone; facial nerve
Term
superior orbital fissure
Definition
posterior part of orbit between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone; ophthalmic veins, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, ophthalmac branch of trigeminal nerve, and abducens nerve
Term
supraorbital foramen
Definition
supraorbital margin of orbit in frontal bone; supraorbital artery and supraorbital nerve
Term
greater and lesser palatine foramena
Definition
palatine bone; and palatine vessels and greater and lesser palatine nerves
Term
incisive foramen
Definition
posterior to incisor teeth in hard palate of maxilla; infraorbital artery, infraorbital nerve
Term
lacrimal groove
Definition
lacrimal bone; nasolacrimal duct
Term
mandibular foramen
Definition
medial surface of ramus of mandible; inferior alveolar blood vessels, inferior alveolar nerve
Term
mental foramen
Definition
inferior to second premolar on anterolateral surface of mandible; mental blood vessels, and mental nerves
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