Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Ch. 15 Autonomic Nervous System
Anatomy
32
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
01/12/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Name two functions of the autonomic nervous system.
Definition

1. Detects subconscious visceral sensations through receptors known as interoceptors

2. Excites or inhibits smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and many glands

Term
Where is the autonomic nervous system located?
Definition
Located in the blood vessels, visceral organs, muscles, and nervous system
Term
Is the somatic nervous system conscious or subconscious?
Definition
Conscious.
Term
How many motor neurons are in the somatic nervous system pathway?
Definition
One.
Term
What kind of neurotransmitter does the somatic nervous system use?
Definition
AcetylCholine only.
Term
Is the autonomic nervous system conscious or subconscious?
Definition
Subconscious.
Term
How many motor neurons are in the autonomic nervous system pathway and what are they called?
Definition
Two. Preganglionic and postganglionic.
Term
What kinds of neurotransmitters does the autonomic nervous system use?
Definition
AcetylCholine and NorEphinephrin.
Term
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Definition
Sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Term
What is another name for the sympathetic division of the ANS and what is the general area it controls?
Definition
Thoracolumbar. All of the thoric vertebrae and the beginning of the lumbar vertebrae.
Term
What is another name for the parasympathetic division of the SNS and what general area does it cover?
Definition
Craniosacral. The brain and parts of the sacral vertebrae.
Term
What are the three types of ganglia in the ANS and what division are they associated with?
Definition
Paravertebral and prevertebral are associated with sympathetic while terminal is associated with parasympathetic.
Term
Where is the paravertebral ganglia of the ANS located?
Definition
Lateral to the spinal cord on both sides.
Term
Where is the prevertebral ganglia of the ANS located?
Definition
Anterior to the spinal cord and close to large abdominal arteries.
Term
Where is the terminal ganglia of the ANS located?
Definition
Close to or in walls of visceral organs.
Term
In regards to the axons of the pre and postganglionic neurons which are myelinated and which are not?
Definition
Preganglionic is myelinated and post is not.
Term
What is a plexus?
Definition
Tangled network of nerve fibers.
Term
What neurotransmitter do the preganglionic fibers mainly release in the sympathetic division?
Definition
ACh.
Term
What neurotransmitter do the postganglionic fibers release mostly in the sympathetic division?
Definition
Norepinephrin but also some ACh.
Term
Name the general functions of the sympathetic division.
Definition
Fight or flight response which includes pupil dilation, increased HR/BP, airway dilation, increased blood sugar levels, etc.
Term
How much of parasympathetic output does cranial nerve X carry?
Definition
80%
Term
What neurotransmitters do the pre and postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division release?
Definition
Acetycholine only.
Term
Name some general functions of the parasympathetic division of the ANS.
Definition
Rest and digestive functions, restore energy, decrease HR/airway size/breathing rate/pupil size, Salivation/Lacrimation/Urination/Digestion/Defecation.
Term
What are two types of cholinergic receptors?
Definition
Nicotinic and muscarinic.
Term
What are two types of adrenergic receptors?
Definition
Alpha and beta.
Term
What is an example of a receptor agonist and what does it do?
Definition
Phenylephrine - activates adrenergic receptors, vasoconstriction, lower nasal congestion, decreases mucuous production.
Term
What is an example of a receptor antagonist and what does it do?
Definition
Atropine - blocks muscarinic ACh receptors, pupil dilation, smooth muscle relaxation.
Term
Name some functions of autonomic reflexes.
Definition
Regulates BP, respiration, digestion, defecation, urination.
Term
What are the components of autonomic reflexes and their functions?
Definition
Receptor such as interoceptors. Sensory neuron which conducts impulses to the CNS. Association neuron which relays impulses to motor neurons. Autonomic motor neuron which sends impulses to effectors. And visceral effector.
Term
What is the major control center for the ANS?
Definition
Hypothalamus.
Term
What two areas does the hypothalamus receive input from?
Definition
Interoceptors and limbic system.
Term
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
Definition
Exaggerated sympathetic response during recovery from spinal shock, impulses unable to reach CNS, increased BP, headache, emergency can lead to seizures/stroke.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!