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Details

Ch. 1
A First Look At Anatomy
36
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/12/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

Hippocrates

Definition

"Father of Modern Medicine"

 

Believed a physician should treat the body as a whole rather than as a collection of individual parts.

Term

Herophilus

Definition

 

"Father of Anatomy"

300 BC.

 

Greek Scientist in Egypt

 

First to publicly dissect and compare human and animal bodies.

Term

Galen of Pergamum

Definition

"Prince of Physicians"

130 and 200 AD

 

Stressed the importance of experimentation in medicine.

Term

Leonardo Da Vinci

Definition

Illustrations

 

Considered one of the greatest anatomists and biological investigators of all time.

Term

Andreas Vesalius

Definition

"Reformer of Anatomy"

mid-1500s

 

Refined observations

 

Promoted the idea of "Living Anatomy"

 

De Humani Corporis Fabrica - first anatomically correct textbook.

Term

Plastination

Definition
technology that preserves specimens using reactive polymers.
Term

Anatomy

Definition

study of structure

 

means in Greek "to cut apart".

 

 

Term

Physiology

Definition
study of the functions of the body.
Term

William Harvey

Definition

Modern embryology

1600s

 

1.  "An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of           the Blood in Animals"

2.  "Essays on the Generation of Animals"

 

established basis for modern efforts to study heart and blood vessels.

Term

Preserved Specimen

Definition

Late 1600s

 

Anatomists began to collect body parts

Term

Cryotechnology

Definition

1900s

 

Body parts kept at very low temperatures to preserve.

Term

Gunther Von Hagen

Definition

"Body Worlds: The Anatomical Exhibition of Real Human Bodies"

 

developed plastination

 

 

Term

Microscopic Anatomy

Definition
examines structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye.
Term

Cytology

Definition

"cellular anatomy"

 

Study of single body cells and their internal structures.

Term

Histology

Definition
Study of Tissues.
Term

Gross Anatomy

Definition

"macroscopic anatomy"

 

investigates the structure and relationships of large body parts that are visible to the unaided eye.

 

ex. intestines, stomach, brain, heart, and kidneys

Term

Comparitive Anatomy

Definition
examines the similarities and differences in the anatomy of species.
Term

Development Anatomy

Definition
investigates the changes in structure within an individual from conception through maturity.
Term

Embryology

Definition
is concerned specifically with developmental changes occuring prior to birth.
Term

Regional Anatomy

Definition

examines all the structures in a particular region of the body as one complete unit.

 

ex. skin, connective tissue and fat, bones, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels of the neck

Term

Surface Anatomy

Definition
examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them.
Term

Systemic Anatomy

Definition

studies the gross anatomy of each system in the body.

 

ex. studying urinary system would involve examining the kidneys, where urine is formed, along with the organs of urine transport and storage

Term

Pathologic Anatomy

Definition

examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease.

 

Term

Radiographic Anatomy

Definition

studies relationships among internal structures that may be visualized by specific scanning procedures.

 

ex. ultrasound, MRI's, or x-ray

Term

Surgical Anatomy

Definition

investigates the anatomic landmarks used before and after surgery.

 

ex. prior to back surgery, the location of the L4 vertebra is precisely identified by drawing an imaginary line between the hip bones.  The intersection of this line with the vertebral column shows the location of L4.

Term

Chemical Level

Definition

simplest level of organization within the body.

 

composed of atoms and molecules

Term

Atoms

Molecules

Cells

Definition

smallest units of matter.

 

two or more atoms combined.

 

large molecules joined in specific ways.

Term

Cellular Level

Definition
specialized structural and functional units called organelles permit all living cells to share certain common functions.
Term

Tissue Level

Definition
groups of similar cells with a common function form to create the next stage in the hierarchy.
Term

Tissues

Definition
precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions.
Term

Organ Level

Definition
different tissue types combine to form an organ, such as the small intestine, brain, lungs, stomach, or heart.
Term

Organs

Definition
two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions.
Term

Organ System Level

Definition

consists of related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function.

 

ex. several organs of respiratory system collaborate to clean, warm, humidify, and conduct air from the atmosphere to the gas exchange surfaces in the lungs.

Term

Organismal Level

Definition
highest level of structural organization in the body.
Term

Organism

Definition
all body systems functioning interdependently in a single living human being.
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