Term
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Definition
| Enterocoelous development |
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Term
|
Definition
"arrow worms"
Planktonic predators
Chitinous teeth and spines, thin cuticle
Lack vascular, respiratory, and excretory systems
Hermaphroditic
Sister group to deuterostomia |
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Term
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Definition
Marine worm-like mud dwellers
More closely related to Acoelomorpha
Simple body plan, no head or organs, no vascular, respiratory, excretory, reproductive systems |
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Term
Superphylum Ambulacraria
(5) |
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Definition
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Hemichordata
Three part coelom (tripartite)
Similar larval forms
Specialized metanephridia (axial complex) |
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Term
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Definition
"spiny skin"
Exclusively marine
First to have endoskeleton of spiny calcareous plates (ossicles)
Pentaradial symmetry (bilateral larvae)
Unique water closed vascular system
Dermal branchia, pedicellariae |
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Term
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Definition
"Sea stars"
Active predators w/ extrusible gut, extends into arms |
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Term
| Asteroidea Water Vascular System |
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Definition
| Madreporite, tube feet, ampulla, canals |
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Term
Asteroidea Pedicellariae
(2) |
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Definition
Muscular pincher-like organs
Keep aboral surface free of debris |
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Term
| Asteroidea Dermal Branchia |
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Definition
| Acts as skin gills for respiration |
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Term
| Asteroidea Sea Star Wasting Disease |
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Definition
White lesions, fragmentation (arms fall off), death
Sea Star-associated Densovirus (SSaDV)
Associated w/ warmer water temps |
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Term
|
Definition
Brittle Stars and Basket Stars
Long, slender flexible arms sharply marked off from central disc
Ambulacral grooves closed by ossicles
Simple sac-like gut (no anus) |
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Term
Ophiuroidea Oral Surface
(8) |
|
Definition
Mouth
Jaw
Podial pores
Oral shield
Oral arm shields
Spines
Madreporite (pulls in H2O)
Bursal slits |
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Term
|
Definition
Sea urchins and sand dollars
Deep sea floor
Plate-like ossicles form ridgid, interlocking test
Ambulacra modified into plates w/ pores for long tube feet
Complex chewing apparatus (Aristotle's lantern)
Feed on coral reefs |
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Term
Echinoidea Aristotle's Lanturn
(8) |
|
Definition
Esophagus
Alveolus
Protractor muscle
Auricle
Retractor muscle
Teeth
Mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
Sea Cucumbers
Crawl on ocean bottom or burrow
Body elongated along oral-aboral axis
No cephalization (secondarily bilateral)
Tube feet poorly developed (or absent)
Oral tube feet may be modified into feathery tentacles used to capture food
Body wall flexible, leathery
Ossicles reduced to sm plates and spicules
Anus opens internally into lrg cloaca, branches off to 2 sets of respiratory trees |
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Term
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Definition
Sea lilies, feather stars
Most ancient and primitive of echinoderms
Suspension feeders, capture particles in mucus secreted by tube feet
Paedomorphosis: a juvenile trait of ancestor is retained in adult descendant |
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Term
|
Definition
Pinnules
Arm
Calyx
Cirri
Stalk
Skeletal plates
Holdfast |
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Term
|
Definition
worm-like bottom dwellers, shallow waters, sedentary
Chordate characteristics: Pharyngeal gill slits, dorsal hollow nerve cord
DO NOT have notochord, postanal tail, endostyle |
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Term
|
Definition
"acorn worms"
Free-living, burrows into soft sediments using proboscis
Collar, gill pores
Deposit feeders or suspension feeders |
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Term
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Definition
Small colonial animals
Food capture in mucus on crown of tentacles, transported w/ ciliated grooves to mouth
U shaped gut w/ anus near mouth
Asexual reproduction (budding) |
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