Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Ch. 1
na
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/05/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The Hypothetico-Deductive Method
Definition
  • More Physiological Knowledge gained by this method
  • Investigator asks a question
  • Formulates a hypothesis - an educated speculation or possible answer to the question
Term

Characteristics of a good hypothesis

 

Definition
  • Consistent with what is already known
  • Testable and possibly falsifiable with evidence
Term

Falsifiability

 

Definition
If we claim something is scientifically true, we must be able to specify what evidence it would take to prove it wrong
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
To suggest a method for answering questions: written as "if-then" statements
Term
Sample size
Definition
Number of subjects used in a study. Controls for chance events (happens when sample size is too small) and individual variation
Term
Controls
Definition
Control group and treatment group. Comparison of treated and untreated individuals
Term
Psychosomatic effects
Definition
Effects of the subject's state of mind on his or her physiology. Use of placeebo in control group.
Term
Scientific Fact
Definition
Information that can be independently verified by a trained person
Term
Law of nature
Definition
Generalization about the predictable way matter and energy behave. Results from inductive reasoning and repeated observations. Written as verbal statements or mathematical formulae
Term
Theory
Definition

The best explanation for all of the data that we have today. It is an explanatory statement or set of statements derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypotheses 

Summarizes what we know

Suggests direction for further study

Term
Theory of natural selection
Definition
How species originate and change though time. Changed prevailing view of our origin, nature and our place in the univers. Increases understanding of human form and function. 
Term
Evolution
Definition
Change in genetic composition of population of organisms. Development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Appearance of new strains of AIDS virus
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Some individuals within a species have hereditary advantage over their competitors (better camouflage, Disease resistance, ability to attract mates)
Term
Selection pressures
Definition
Natural forces that promote the reproductive success of some individuals more than others
Term
Adaptations
Definition
Features of an organism's anatomy, physiology, or behavior that have evolved in response to these selection pressures and enable the organism to cope with the challenges of its environment.
Term
Model
Definition
Animal species selected for research on a particular problem.
Term
Study of evolutionary Relationships
Definition
Help us choose animalse for biomedical research (the animal model). Rats and mice used extensively due to issues involved with using chimpanzees.
Term
Vestigial organs
Definition
Remnants of organs that apparently were better developed and more functional in the ancestors of a species, and now serve little or no purpose (Piloerector muscle, Auricularis muscles)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!