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Ch13/16
spinal cord: sensory and motor pathways
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/18/2013

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Cards

Term
spinal cord
Definition

extends from foramen magnumto the level of the second lumbar vertebrae

-shorter than vertebral column because vertebral column grows faster than spinal cord

 

Term
cauda equina
Definition
nerves from lower cord don't leave vertebral column immediately, but instead look like coarse hairs of a horse tail
Term
the spinal cord is surrounded by meninges
Definition

-dura mater: single layered and not attached to the bony vertebrae

--epidural space: between dura mater and vertebrae

---filled with adipose and blood vessels

Term
arachnoid
Definition

in the subarachnoid space is cerbrospinal fluid

-lumbar puncture: between L3 and L4 or L4 and L5 for cerebrspinal fluid diagnosis or to introduce anesthetics

Term
pia mater
Definition
bound very tightly to surface of spinal cord
Term
gray matter
Definition

organized into horns and commissures

-posterior gray horn: contains cell bodies of interneurons which have synapsed with sensory neurons

-dorsal root: connection to spinal cord from the peripheral nervous system that carries only sensory information and ends at posterior gray horn

-dorsal root ganglia: cell bodies of sensory neurons (unipolar neurons)

Term
anterior gray horn
Definition

contains cell bodies of motor neurons

-ventral root: connection from the spinal corf to the peripheral nervous system that carries only motor information

-motor neurons: multipolar neurons

Term
anterior gray commisure
Definition

gray communication between right and left section of cord anterior to the central canal

-posterior gray commissure: gray communication between right and left section of cord posterior to the central canal

Term
white matter (myelinated axons)
Definition

organized into columns and commissures (tracts travel in columns)

 

Term
posterior white column
Definition
has ascending tracts only
Term
lateral white column
Definition
has both ascending and descending tracts
Term
anterior white column
Definition
has both ascending and descending tracts
Term
nerves
Definition

bundles of axons in the pns

-surrouned by connective tissue

-epineurium: around whole nerve

-perineurium: around a fascile of nerve fibers

-endoneurium: around a single axon

Term
anterior
Definition
motor
Term
posterior
Definition
sensory
Term
ganglia
Definition
cell bodies of neurons in the pns
Term
31 pairs of spinal nerves
Definition
8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
Term
each spinal nerve has 3 branches
Definition

1. visceral

2. posterior

3. anterior

Term
visceral
Definition
rami communicantes, part of autonomic nervous system
Term
posterior
Definition
dorsal
Term
anterior
Definition
ventral
Term
white columns
Definition
-is myelinated (axon)
Term
sensory
Definition

afferent

(goes up to brain)

Term
motor
Definition

efferent

(going down)

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