Term
| BPA turns off genes in amidyla responsible for the production of what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the hormone that is responsible for attachment in relationships |
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Term
| endocrine system produces what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hormones control which major processes? |
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Definition
- Reproduction
-Growth and Development
-Mobilization of body defenses
-Maintenance of much of homeostasis
-Regulation of metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| prostaglandins are a hormone made from? |
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Definition
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Term
| hormones are classified chemically as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| hormones only effect certain tissues or organs that have specific protein receptors, these cells are called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-changes in plasma membrane permeability or electrical state
-synthesis of proteins, such as enzymes
-activation or inactivation of enzymes
-stimulation of mitosis
-promotion of secretory activity |
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Term
| the to mechanisms in which hormenes act? |
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Definition
-direct gene activity
-second-messenger system |
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Term
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Definition
•Diffuse through the plasma membrane of target cells
•Enter the nucleus
•Bind to a specific protein within the nucleus
•Bind to specific sites on the cell’s DNA
•Activate genes that result in synthesis of new proteins |
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Term
| Second-Messenger System (Nonsteroid Hormone Action) |
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Definition
•Hormone binds to a membrane receptor
•Hormone does not enter the cell
•Sets off a series of reactions that activates an enzyme
•Catalyzes a reaction that produces a second- messenger molecule (such as cAMP)
•Oversees additional intracellular changes to promote a specific response |
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Term
| control of hormone release |
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Definition
- A stimulus or low hormone levels in the blood triggers the release of more hormone
- Hormone release stops when appropriate level in blood is reached |
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Term
| how are endocrine glands stimulated/activated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Humoral stimuli of endocrine system |
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Definition
-Humoral indicates various body fluids such as blood and bile
-Changing blood levels of certain ions stimulate hormone release
- EX: Insulin is produced in response to changing levels of blood glucose levels |
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Term
| neural stimuli of endocrine glands |
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Definition
Nerve impulses stimulate hormone release |
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Term
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Definition
•Pituitary gland
•Thyroid gland •Parathyroid glands
•Adrenal glands •Pineal gland •Thymus gland
•Pancreas
•Gonads (Ovaries and Testes)
•Hypothalamus |
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Term
| Endocrine gland that hangs from the hypothalamus in the brain. (sixe of a pea) |
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Definition
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Term
| The two functional lobes of the pituitary gland? |
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Definition
•Anterior pituitary—glandular tissue
•Posterior pituitary—nervous tissue |
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Term
| the pituitry gland is protected by what bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| 6 Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary |
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Definition
•Two affect non-endocrine targets
-Growth hormone
-Prolactin
•Four stimulate other endocrine glands
(tropic hormones)
•Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropic hormone)
•Adrenocorticotropic hormone
•Two gonadotropic hormones |
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Term
| Characteristics of all anterior pituitary hormones are? |
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Definition
•Proteins (or peptides)
•Act through second-messenger systems
•Regulated by hormonal stimuli, mostly negative feedback |
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Term
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Definition
-Major effects are directed to growth of skeletal muscles and long bones
-Causes amino acids to be built into proteins |
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Term
| Growth hormone (GH) disorders |
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Definition
•Pituitary dwarfism results from
hyposecretion of GH during childhood
•Gigantism results from hypersecretion of GH during childhood |
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Term
| Prolactin (PRL) is responsible for what? |
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Definition
Stimulates and maintains milk production
following childbirth |
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Term
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is responsible for what? |
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Definition
Regulates endocrine activity of the adrenal
cortex |
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Term
| Gonadotropic hormones are responsible for what? |
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Definition
-Regulate hormonal activity of the gonads
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Term
| the 2 hormones produced by the hypothalamus are? |
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Definition
- Oxytocin
- Antidiuretic hormone |
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Term
| Oxytocin is responsible for? |
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Definition
Stimulates contractions of the uterus during
labor, sexual relations, and breastfeeding |
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Term
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is responsible for? |
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Definition
Inhibiting urine production by promoting water
reabsorption by the kidneys (also known as vasopressin) |
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