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| an American oil driller, popularly credited with being the first to drill for oil in the United States. |
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| a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering |
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| a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so. |
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| United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) |
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| United States inventor; inventions included the phonograph and incandescent electric light and the microphone and the Kinetoscope |
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| The Morrill Tariff of 1861 was an American protective tariff law adopted on March 2, 1861 during the Buchanan Administration and signed |
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| an area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic |
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| a grant of public land, esp. to an institution, organization, or to particular groups of people. |
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| with another so that they become a whole |
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| The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 (12 Statutes at Large, 489), as enacted by the United States Congress, was approved and signed into law by the President, Abraham Lincoln |
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| was a Union army officer on the frontier and during the Civil War, a U.S. Congressman, businessman, and railroad executive who helped construct the Transcontinental Railroad. |
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| Stanford: United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University |
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| Vanderbilt: United States financier who accumulated great wealth from railroad and shipping businesses |
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| United States financier who gained control of the Erie Canal and who caused a financial panic in 1869 when he attempted to corner the gold marke |
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| Officials of the Union Pacific Railroad created a fake construction company, called the Credit Mobilier, in order to cheat the government out of money allotted to the construction of the Union Pacific Railroads. Grant’s vice-president, Colfax, was linked to this scandal. |
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| was a Canadian-American railroad executive. He was the chief executive officer of a family of lines headed by the Great Northern Railway, which served a substantial area of the Upper Midwest |
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| a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law |
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| the goods or merchandise kept on the premises of a business or warehouse and available for sale or distribution. |
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| a proportionate saving in costs gained by an increased level of production. |
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| a small area of still water, typically one formed naturally. |
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| the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies. |
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| absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level |
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| the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service. |
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| firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something. |
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| a company created to buy and possess the shares of other companies, which it then controls. |
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| Carnegie: United States industrialist and philanthropist who endowed education and public libraries and research trusts |
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| John Davison Rockefeller (July 8, 1839 – May 23, 1937) was an American oil magnate. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy |
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| the action or process of deflating or being deflated. |
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| an organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests |
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| a union whose members all work in various capacities in a single industry. |
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| a list or register of persons who, for one reason or another, are being denied a particular privilege, service, mobility |
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| the exclusion of employees by their employer from their place of work until certain terms are agreed to. |
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| the use of an arbitrator to settle a dispute. |
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| an authoritative warning or order. |
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| a place of work where membership in a union is a condition for being hired and for continued employment. |
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| the political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism. |
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| The Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, best known simply as the Knights of Labor (K of L), was the largest and one of the most important American labor organizations of the 19th Century. |
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| American Federation of Labor |
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| a federation of North American labor unions that merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955 |
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| United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924 |
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| the total value of goods produced and services provided by a country during one year |
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