Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Ch 25
Ch 25
97
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
08/03/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the function of gonads?
Definition
Spermatogenesis and hormone production
Term
Inward projections of the tunica albuginea, known as septa, divides the testis into ?
Definition
Lobules
Term
Which muscles move the testes toward the body?
Definition
Cremaster Muscles
Term
The ____ is a bundle of tissue that contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that serve the testis.
Definition
Spermatic Cords
Term
The dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds the testis is called?
Definition
Tunica
Term
The _____ connect the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis?
Definition
Efferent Tubules
Term
What happens when the dartos muscle contracts?
Definition
Makes wrinkles, reduced heat loss
Term
Sperm develops from stem cells called?
Definition
Spermatogonia
Term
When spematogonia divide, the daughter cells are called?
Definition
Spermatozoa
Term
The cells that are formed furing spermatogenesis by the first meiosis are called ?
Definition
Secondary Spermatocyte
Term
The proves of spermiogenesis produces?
Definition
Spermatozoa
Term
The secial type of cell division required to produce gametes is called?
Definition
Meiosis
Term
Secondary spermatocytes each contain____ duplicates of chromosomes
Definition
23
Term
In mature human ___, the acrosome is next the the nucleus
Definition
Sperm
Term
In a mature human _______, the head contains 23 chromosomes.
Definition
Sperm
Term
How many tetrads form during synapsis?
Definition
23
Term
Secondary spermatocytes divide to produce ____ spermatids having ___ chromosomes each.
Definition
2; 23
Term
What occurs after a spermatogonium completes cell division?
Definition
The daughter cell is directed toward the lumen of the seminiferous tubules
Term
Interstitial cells produce?
Definition
Androgen or Testosterone
Term
Where does sperm production occur
Definition
Testis (seminiferous tubules)
Term
What type of cells form the blood-testis barrier and coordinate spermatogenesis?
Definition
Nurse Cells
Term
The small paired structure at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the?
Definition
Bulbourethral gland
Term
Spermatozoa are functionally matures within the?
Definition
Epididymis
Term
The organ that surrounds the urethra and produced an alkaline secretion is the ?
Definition
Prostate gland
Term
The organ that monitors and adjusts the composition of tubular fluid, recycles damaged spermatozoa, and is the site of sperm maturation is the____?
Definition
Epididymis
Term
The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the?
Definition
Ductus deferends
Term
The organ that is posterior to the urinary bladder is (are) the?
Definition
Uterus
Term
Where in the male reproductive system would you expect to find the most mature spermatozoa?
Definition
Ductus Deferends and Ejaculatory duct
Term
SPerm are moved along the ductus deferends by
Definition
Peristaltic contractions
Term
Contractions of the ______ muscles result in ejaculation.
Definition
Bulbo-urethral gland
Term
The organ that delivers semen into the female reproductive tract is the?
Definition
Penis
Term
The fold of skin that covers the glans penis is the prepuce
Definition
Term
The erectile bodies that surrounds the urethra is the?
Definition
Corpus spongiosum
Term
The paired erectile bodies in the penis are the ?
Definition
Corpora cavernosa
Term
The pituitary hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone is?
Definition
LH
Term
Which cells secrete testosterone ?
Definition
Leydig Cells
Term
A male bodybuilder starts taking testosterone, which would you observe?
Definition
Increase sex drive, decreases levels of GnRH, decrease levels of LH and FSH
Term
A boy as a genetic mutation such that FSH is not produces, but LH is normal. His testosterone levels will be_____. Additionally, he will likely be_____ female like secondary sex characteristics. Why is this?
Definition
Normal; Sterile
Term
Sperm cannot fertilize an ovum unless it has been in the femal reproductive tract for several hours. This enhanced ability of the sperm to fertilize the ovum is called capacitation. In vitro studies indicate that introduced to the ovum. What does this tell you about the process of capacitation?
Definition
The process of capacitation involves the removal of some inhibiting substances from the sperm
Term
What are the functions of the nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules?
Definition
Promote spermatogenesis and secrete ABP
Term
What are the functions of the Interstitial cells of the seminiferous tubules?
Definition
Responsible for the production of androgens, the sex hormones in males
Term
The region where blood where blood vessels enter the ovary is called the?
Definition
Ovarian hilum
Term
The ______ cells of developing follicles secrete estrogen?
Definition
Granulosa
Term
The primary follicle develops from the ___?
Definition
Primordial follicle
Term
There are more primordial follicles in the ovaries _____ than ___
Definition
at birth; at puberty
Term
The organs that transport the ovum to the uterus is ?
Definition
uterine tube
Term
The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the ?
Definition
Uterus
Term
The inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina is the is the ?
Definition
Cervix
Term
The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the?
Definition
Myometrium
Term
Which region of the uterine tube the ovum?
Definition
Infundibulum
Term
The ____ is the rounded portion of the uterine body superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes?
Definition
Fundus
Term
The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the?
Definition
infundibulum
Term
What type of the epithelial layer is present in the uterine tube?
Definition
Ciliated columnar
Term
The average length to the uterine cycle is _____ days
Definition
28
Term
The termination of the uterine cycle at age 45-55 is called ?
Definition
Menopause
Term
The ____ is a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia ?
Definition
Vagina
Term
The space bounded by the labia minora is the?
Definition
vestibule
Term
Fatty fold of skin that encircle and partially conceal the labia minora and vestibule are the?
Definition
Labia Majora
Term
The ____ is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males and contain erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis?
Definition
Clitoris
Term
The ____ is the region of the vagina that surrounds the cervix?
Definition
Fornix
Term
Another term for ____ is female external genitalia
Definition
Vulva
Term
The pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is the?
Definition
Areola
Term
The production of milk is called?
Definition
Lactation
Term
During the ____ phase of the uterine cycle the fertilized ovum implants, the corpus luteum is formed, and progesterone levels are high
Definition
Secretory
Term
During the _______ the functional layer is sloughed off
Definition
Menses
Term
The uterine phase that develops because of a fall in progesterone level is ________
Definition
Menses
Term
The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is ?
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Menstruation is triggered by a drop in the levels of ?
Definition
Progesterone
Term
The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during t he middle of the ovarian cycle trigger
Definition
Completion of meiosis I, rupture of follicular wall, ovulation, formation of corpus luteum
Term
A rise in the blood levels of follicle-stimulating hormone at the beginning of the ovarian cycle is responsible for?
Definition
Follicle maturation
Term
A mature follicle releases an ovum in response to a surge in
Definition
Luteinizing hormone; LH
Term
After_______, the ovary secretes both estrogen and progesterone.
Definition
Ovulation
Term
A sample of a woman's blood is analyzed for reproductive hormone levels. The results indicate a high level of progesterone, relatively high levels of inhibin, and low levels of FSH and LH. The female is most likely experiencing __________ of the uterine cycle.
Definition
Secretory
Term
__________ characteristics may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen.
Definition
Secondary SexualFSH
Term
When would the level of GnRH be highest in a female?
Definition
Menstration
Term
The________ is ultimately controlled by GnRH, skipped in pregnancy, and often involves painful myometrial contraction.
Definition
Menstration
Term
The male gonad is called a(n)_____.
Definition
Testes
Term
The _____ is a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac.
Definition
Dartos
Term
The _____ is a fleshy pouch suspended the perineum and anterior to the anus.
Definition
Scrotum
Term
Spermatids mature into spermatozoa by the process of _______
Definition
Spermatogenesis
Term
The _____ is the part of the sperm that contains the DNA
Definition
Head
Term
The _____ within the head of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization
Definition
Acrosome Cap
Term
The portion of the urethra that passes through the prostate is called the ______
Definition
Prostatic Urethra
Term
The _____ carries fluid from the seminal gland (seminal vesicle) through the prostate
Definition
Ejaculatory Duct
Term
Contraction of the smooth muscle within the _____ acts to pinch off the urethra
Definition
Prostate
Term
Impotence is defined as an inability to achieve or maintain a(n) _____
Definition
Erection
Term
The portion of the urethra that penetrates the urogenital diaphragm is the _______
Definition
Membranous Urethra
Term
The _____ ligament extends from the uterus, near the attachment of the uterine tube, to the medial surface of the ovary.
Definition
Ovarian
Term
The _____ are fingerlike projections that capture the freshly ovulated ovum
Definition
Fimbriae
Term
The portion of the uterus that projects into vagina is called the
Definition
Fornix
Term
The ____ is the outer lining of the uterus
Definition
Perimetrium
Term
The ______ is the inner lining of the uterus
Definition
Endometrium
Term
____ is the process of sloughing off the old functional layer of the endometrium
Definition
Menstruation
Term
The shallow recess that surrounds the cervical protrusion into the vagina is called
Definition
Fornix
Term
_____ are organs of milk production
Definition
Mammary Glands
Term
In a _______, each ductus deferens is cut and either a segment removed and the ends ties ( or cauterized ) or silicone plugs are inserted
Definition
Vasectomy
Term
How does mitosis differ from meiosis?
Definition
In mitosis a cell is essentially cloned, but meiosis, 4 unique cells are produced due to the cross- over sister chromatids and independent assortment
Supporting users have an ad free experience!