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| The science of the anatomy (structure) & interactions (functions) of matter |
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| Anything that occupies space and has mass, both living and non-living things consist of matter. (solid, liquid, gases) |
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| # of elements in the body |
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| The most abundent four elements in the body make up 96%... |
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Oxygen 65%
Carbon 18.5%
Hydrogen 9.5%
Nitrogen 3.2% |
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| the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties and characteristics |
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| nucleus and one or more electrons |
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| The central portion of an atom made up of protons and neutrons |
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(Positive, Neutral, Negative) ?
Proton, Electron, Neutron? |
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Proton- Positive
Electron- negative
Neutron- neutral |
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1st electron shell holds -
2nd-
3rd- |
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1st- max of 2
2nd- max 8
3rd- max 18
(As many as 7 electron Shells) |
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| Atom turns into a molecule when there are ___ electrons together |
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| atom that has positive or negativecharge due to unequal #s of protons or electrons |
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| when two or more atoms share electrons, resulting combinations of atoms |
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| H2O is an ______ molecule |
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A compound is _____
A free radical is _____ |
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compound- stable
free radical- unstable |
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| the forces that bind atom of molecule and compounds together |
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| the outermost shell of an atom |
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| the electrons in the valence shell |
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| 3 types of chemical bonds |
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ionic bond - atom donates the valence electrons
covalent bond- atom shares its valence electrons
hydrogen bond- when atoms cheat on the one they were bonded to |
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| a positively charged ion (electron donor) |
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| a negatively charged ion (electron exceptor) |
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| The most common chemical bond in the body |
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Covalent bonds:
single-
double-
triple- |
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single- when 2 atoms share 1 electron pair
double- when 2 atoms share 2 electron pairs
triple- when 2 atoms share 3 electron pairs |
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| when atoms combine with or break apart from other atoms |
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| energy stored due to its position (a battery stores energy) |
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| energy in motion (battery in use) |
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| in the body is a form of potential energy |
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| when 2 or more atoms, ions, or molecules combine to form newer larger molecules |
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| to break down into smaller parts |
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| when large molecules are splint into smaller molecules, ions, or atoms |
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| difference between inorganic and organic |
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inorganic- lacks carbon
organic- has carbon |
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| water makes up _____% of the body mass |
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