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Cervical Fasciae & spaces
1.5 hrs
51
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
06/06/2011

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Cards

Term
1) superficial space
2)sublingual space
3)submandibular space
4)parotid space
5)tonsilar space
6)masticator space (aka infratemporal fossa)
Definition
list the important spaces in the head
Term
1)parapharyngeal space
2) retropharyngeal space
3) danger space
4) posterior triangle
Definition
list the important spaces in the neck
Term
from the epimyseum of the face muscles to the skin (no CT bridges here so infections can spread)
Definition
where is the superficial space in the head?
Term
between the mucosa and the mylohyoid
Definition
where is the sublingual space?
Term
below mylohyoid, but it has a free posterior edge so the sublingual space communicates with it
Definition
where is the submandibular space? what space communicates with it?
Term
there is no muscle over it
Definition
the superficial space doesn't overly the zygomatic arch, why?
Term
the canine and the buccal parts
Definition
what are the 2 parts of the superficial space?
Term
no, there is a thick CT envelop around it slowing the spread of infection
Definition
do infections spread easily to the parotid from the superficial space?
Term
tooth abcesses
Definition
where do infection in the buccal part of the superficial space usually come from?
Term
the masticator space, bound by the parotid fascia
Definition
what space is deep to the superficial space?
Term
they can spread down to the neck quickly and can compromise the airway

(Ludwig's angina)
Definition
why are sublingual/submandibular space infections/cellulitis particularly bad?
Term
1) skin
2) superficial fascia and fat
2) platysma
3) investing fascia
4) prevertebral or middle cervical fascia
5) deep to middle cervical is either the carotid sheath or the pretracheal fascia
Definition
list the layers of the neck from external to internal
Term
1) skin
2) superficial fascia + fat + platysma
3) investing fascia
4) middle cervical fascia
5) pretracheal fascia
Definition
list the layers of the neck that would be pierced in a tracheostomy in order
Term
between pretracheal fascia or carotid sheath & the investing fascia

it spans only around the infrahyoid muscles
Definition
where is the middler cervical fascia?
Term
all muscles with vertebral attachment
Definition
what does the prevertebral fascia surround?
Term
the retropharyngeal space
Definition
name the space between the prevertebral fascia and the pretracheal fascia that runs from the head to the thorax(mediastinum)
Term
same layer as pretracheal, just on the back side of the trachea
Definition
where is the buccopharyngeal fascia?
Term
between the anterior layer/alar fascia(which blends with the esophagus at the base of the neck) and the posterior layer down to T3

this leads to the mediastinum
Definition
where is the danger space?
Term
T3
Definition
where does the posterior layer blend with the anterior longitudinal ligament?
Term
posterior/anterior refer to the prevertebral fascia where it splits around vertebrae from where it is anchored at the tubercles of the transverse processes
Definition
what do anterior/posterior layers refer to in terms of the danger space?
Term
infection can travel up or down
air emboli up to the skull
blood up to the skull
Definition
what sort of things can travel in the danger space?
Term
SCM
Definition
what muscle does the deep cervical fascia (investing fascia) enclose?
Term
the fibrous pericardium
Definition
what does the pretracheal fascia blend with inferiorly?
Term
the retropharyngeal space
Definition
what space is between buccopharyngeal fascia and prevertebral fascia?
Term
the pharyngeal muscles
Definition
what muscle group is the buccopharyngeal fascia against?
Term
the internal jugular vein
Definition
what vessel do the deep cervical lymph nodes lie along?
Term
cervical viscera: thyroid gland, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, tongue (via retropharyngeal nodes)
Definition
what does the "deep ring" of cervical lymph nodes drain?
Term
retropharyngeal nodes
Definition
what nodes connect the tongue to the deep cervical ring of lymph nodes?
Term
the scalene nodes
Definition
name the most inferior nodes of the deep cervical chain of lymph nodes
Term
its considered inoperable
Definition
what happens if breast cancer spreads to the supraclavicular nodes?
Term
right: lymphatic trunks
left: thoracic duct
Definition
where does lymph drain from the deep cervical nodes on each side?
Term
external jugular
Definition
what vessel do the superficial cervical lymph nodes follow?
Term
occipital lymph nodes
Definition
name the lymph nodes on the back of the head
Term
submental and submandibular lymph nodes
Definition
name the lymph nodes that get lymph from the tongue, front oral cavity, and lips
Term
usually along veins
Definition
what are the superficial lymph nodes located alongside?
Term
1) occipital
2) retroauricular/mastoid
3) superficial cervical
4) parotid
5) facial
6) submental
7) submandibular
Definition
list the superficial cervical/head lymph nodes
Term
1) retropharyngeal
2) deep cervical
3) scalene nodes
4) submental?
5) submandibular
6) jugulodigastric node
7) jugulomohyoid node
Definition
list the deep (cervical & head) lymph nodes
Term
The tip of the tongue and crosses omohyoid
Definition
what does the juguloomohyoid node drain?
Term
the tonsil (palatine + mucosa + posterior tongue)
Definition
what does the jugulodigastric node drain?
Term
on the right, serveral trunks do (subclavian, jugular, brachiomediastinal)

on the left those 3 drain to the thoracic duct which wraps around and drains to the left brachiocephalic vein
Definition
describe the number of vessels that collect deep cervical lymph on each side
Term
vessels along the veins
Definition
how is the face/scalp lymph drained?
Term
submandibular nodes
Definition
what lymph nodes drain the nasal cavity?
Term
mostly through ophtalmic veins, but also through microscopic lymph nodes that drain out with the front of the nose to the submandibular nodes

deep nose drains deep
Definition
how is the eye drained of lymph?
Term
to nearby nodes (deep are on the tissue, deep cervical are nearby)
Definition
how does the pharynx drain lymph?
Term
above the vocal ligaments: follow superior thyroid artery to deep cervical lymph nodes

BELOW the vocal ligs: along inferior thyroid artery to deep cervical nodes
Definition
how does the larynx drain lymph?
Term
posteriorly and downward
Definition
what general direction does the oral cavity drain lymph?
Term
both sides
Definition
to what sides of the body does the tip of the tongue and lower lip drain lymph?
Term
lateral drains to same side, midline drains to both
Definition
to what side of the body do the lateral margins of the tongue drain lymph? the midline of the tongue?
Term
jugulodigastric on the same side
Definition
where do the palatine tonsils drain lymph?
Term
lower: submandibular AND submental
upper: submandibular

these go to the juculoomohyoid nodes
Definition
where does the lower lip drian lymph? upper lip?
Term
the tip of the tongue, the upper lip and lower lip
Definition
what 3 things drain to the juguloomohyoid nodes via the submental and submandibular nodes?
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