Term
| What are the major branches given off by the cerebral internal carotid artery? |
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Definition
| Superior and inferior hypophyseal, opthalmic, posterior communicating, anterior choroid, and anterior cerebral arteries |
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Term
| What is supplied by the superior and inferior hyophyseal artery? |
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Definition
| Pituitary and part of infundibulum |
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Term
| What important artery is given off by the opthalmic artery? |
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Definition
| Central artery of the retina |
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Term
| What is supplied by the central artery of the retina? |
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Definition
| Enters optic nerve to supply the retina |
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Term
| What is clinically important about the central artery of the retina? |
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Definition
| Can carry small microemboli which can cause transient or permanent visual loss and small ischemic areas |
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Term
| What is the function of the posterior communicating artery? |
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Definition
| Connects the vertebrobasilar system with the carotid system |
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Term
| What is supplied by the anterior choroid artery? |
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Definition
| Optic tract, crus cerebri, amygdala, anterior hippocampus, tail of caudate, medial globus palidus, posterior limb of internal capsule, lateral thalamus, retrolenticular limb of internal capsule |
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Term
| Occlusion of the anterior choroid artery might bring about what clinical symptoms? |
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Definition
| Hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, hemianopsia |
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Term
| What branches are given off by the first segment (A1) of the anterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Anterior communicating artery and medial lenticulostriate arteries |
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Term
| What branches are given off by the second segment (A2) of the anterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Recurrent artery of Heubner, orbitofrontal artery, and frontopolar artery |
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Term
| What branches are given off by the third segment (A3) of the anterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Callosomarginal and Pericallosal arteries |
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Term
| What are the general regions supplied by the anterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes and the lateral surface of the hemispheres |
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Term
| What is the portion of the paracentral lobule supplied by the anterior cerebral artery responsible for? |
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Definition
| Cortical centers for the movement and sensation of lower limbs |
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Term
| What is the portion of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex supplied by the anterior cerebral artery responsible for? |
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Definition
| Decision making and planning |
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Term
| What are some symptoms associated with lesion or occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Contralateral paralysis or sensory loss of lower limb, cognitive impairment, transcortical motor aphasia in left (dominant) hemisphere |
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Term
| What are the main regions supplied by the middle cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Primary sensory and motor areas for face and upper limb, Broca's and Wernicke's areas for speach on dominant side, centers for optic radiation, parietal association cortex, and frontal eye field |
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Term
| What branches are given off by the first part (M1) of the middle cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Lateral lenticulostriate arteries within the Sylvian cistern |
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Term
| What is supplied by the lateral lenticulostriate arteries given off by the middle cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Basal ganglia and internal capsule |
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Term
| What branches are given off by the second part (M2) of the middle cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Superior and inferior trunks of the middle cerebral artery as it enters the area of the insula, Precentral and Postcentral (Rolandic) arteries |
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Term
| What is supplied by the second part (M2) of the middle cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Inner aspects of the opercula and lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere |
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Term
| What are the primary larger arteries of the vertebrobasilar system? |
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Definition
| Posterior cerebral artery, vertebral arteries, basilar artery |
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Term
| What are the branches of the posterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Quadrigeminal artery, thalamoperforating artery, thalamogeniculate artery, medial posterior and lateral posterior choroid arteries, calcarine artery, parieto-occipital artery |
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Term
| What general areas are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery? |
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Definition
| Midbrain, thalamus, choroid plexus, temporal lobe, caudal parietal lobe, visual cortex, and splenium of corpus callosum |
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Term
| Damage or occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery may cause what symptoms? |
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Definition
| Homonymous hemianopia, pure alexia, sensory deficit with deep territory involvement |
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Term
| Which branches of the posterior cerebral artery collectively supplies the midbrain, thalamus, and choroid plexus? |
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Definition
| Quadrigeminal, thalamoperforating, medial and lateral posterior choroid, and thalamogeniculate arteries |
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Term
| What is supplied by the thalamoperforating artery? |
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Definition
| Supplies anterior and medial thalamus |
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Term
| What is supplied by the thalamogeniculate artery? |
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Definition
| Posterior and lateral thalamus |
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Term
| What is supplied by the medial posterior choroid artery? |
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Definition
| Choroid plexus of 3rd and lateral ventricles and posterior and lateral thalamus |
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Term
| What is supplied by the lateral posterior choroid artery? |
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Definition
| Cerebral peduncle, fornix, caudate nucleus, and posterior and lateral thalamus |
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Term
| What is supplied by the calcarine artery? |
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Definition
| Visual motor cortex and medial surface of the occipital lobe |
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Term
| What are the branches given off by the vertebral arteries? |
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Definition
| Posterior inferior cerebellar, posterior spinal, and anterior spinal arteries |
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Term
| What structures are supplied by the vertebral arteries? |
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Definition
| Medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and the dura of the posterior cranial fossa |
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Term
| What is supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery? |
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Definition
| Dorsolateral medulla, choroid plexus of 4th ventricle, and posterior medial parts of the inferior cerebellar surface |
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Term
| What is supplied by the posterior spinal artery? |
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Definition
| Dorsal spinal cord and dorsolateral region of medulla oblongata |
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Term
| What is supplied by the anterior spinal artery? |
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Definition
| Anterior and medial areas of the medulla and spinal cord |
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Term
| What are the branches given off by the basilar artery? |
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Definition
| Anterior inferior cerebellar artery, paramedian branches, short and long circumferential branches, superior cerebellar artery |
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Term
| What is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery? |
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Definition
| Ventral and lateral surfaces of the cerebellum, part of the pons, small part of the choroid plexus that extends out of the 4th ventricle |
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Term
| What artery is given off by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is supplied by the labyrinthine artery? |
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Definition
| Enters internal acoustic meatus to supply inner ear |
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Term
| What is supplied by the paramedian branches and the long and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is supplied by the superior cerebellar artery? |
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Definition
| Superior cerebellum, deep cerebellar nuclei, caudal midbrain, and lateral tegmentum of the rostral pons |
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Term
| Where does the superior cerebellar artery divide into medial and lateral branches? |
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Definition
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Term
| What vein drains the entire cerebral venous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes cerebral veins susceptible to pathologically altered flow? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the superior sagittal sinus drain blood from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the straight sinus drain into? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drains into the straight sinus? |
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Definition
| Great cerebral vein of Galen and the internal cerebral veins |
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Term
| What drains into the great cerebral vein of Galen? |
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Definition
| Posterior vein of the corpus colossum and the basal vein of Rosenthal (drains medial temporal lobe) |
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Term
| The internal cerebral veins drain from what structures? |
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Definition
| Internal structures of the cerebral hemispheres |
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Term
| What veins constitute the internal cerebral veins? |
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Definition
| Choroidal veins and thalamostriate veins |
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Term
| What veins drain into the transverse sinus? |
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Definition
| Superior and inferior petrosal sinuses |
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Term
| What do the superior and inferior petrosal veins connect? |
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Definition
| Cavernous sinus to the transverse sinus and origin of the internal jugular vein respectively |
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Term
| What connects the superior sagittal sinus with the superficial middle cerebral vein? |
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Definition
| Superior anastomotic vein of Trolard |
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Term
| What connects the transverse sinus to the superficial middle cerebral vein? |
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Definition
| Inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe |
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Term
| What vein courses medially around the temporal pole to end in the cavernous sinus? |
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Definition
| Superficial middle cerebral vein |
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