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Cerebral Vasculature
N/A
55
Anatomy
Graduate
02/19/2012

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Cards

Term
What are the major branches given off by the cerebral internal carotid artery?
Definition
Superior and inferior hypophyseal, opthalmic, posterior communicating, anterior choroid, and anterior cerebral arteries
Term
What is supplied by the superior and inferior hyophyseal artery?
Definition
Pituitary and part of infundibulum
Term
What important artery is given off by the opthalmic artery?
Definition
Central artery of the retina
Term
What is supplied by the central artery of the retina?
Definition
Enters optic nerve to supply the retina
Term
What is clinically important about the central artery of the retina?
Definition
Can carry small microemboli which can cause transient or permanent visual loss and small ischemic areas
Term
What is the function of the posterior communicating artery?
Definition
Connects the vertebrobasilar system with the carotid system
Term
What is supplied by the anterior choroid artery?
Definition
Optic tract, crus cerebri, amygdala, anterior hippocampus, tail of caudate, medial globus palidus, posterior limb of internal capsule, lateral thalamus, retrolenticular limb of internal capsule
Term
Occlusion of the anterior choroid artery might bring about what clinical symptoms?
Definition
Hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, hemianopsia
Term
What branches are given off by the first segment (A1) of the anterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Anterior communicating artery and medial lenticulostriate arteries
Term
What branches are given off by the second segment (A2) of the anterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Recurrent artery of Heubner, orbitofrontal artery, and frontopolar artery
Term
What branches are given off by the third segment (A3) of the anterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Callosomarginal and Pericallosal arteries
Term
What are the general regions supplied by the anterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes and the lateral surface of the hemispheres
Term
What is the portion of the paracentral lobule supplied by the anterior cerebral artery responsible for?
Definition
Cortical centers for the movement and sensation of lower limbs
Term
What is the portion of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex supplied by the anterior cerebral artery responsible for?
Definition
Decision making and planning
Term
What are some symptoms associated with lesion or occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Contralateral paralysis or sensory loss of lower limb, cognitive impairment, transcortical motor aphasia in left (dominant) hemisphere
Term
What are the main regions supplied by the middle cerebral artery?
Definition
Primary sensory and motor areas for face and upper limb, Broca's and Wernicke's areas for speach on dominant side, centers for optic radiation, parietal association cortex, and frontal eye field
Term
What branches are given off by the first part (M1) of the middle cerebral artery?
Definition
Lateral lenticulostriate arteries within the Sylvian cistern
Term
What is supplied by the lateral lenticulostriate arteries given off by the middle cerebral artery?
Definition
Basal ganglia and internal capsule
Term
What branches are given off by the second part (M2) of the middle cerebral artery?
Definition
Superior and inferior trunks of the middle cerebral artery as it enters the area of the insula, Precentral and Postcentral (Rolandic) arteries
Term
What is supplied by the second part (M2) of the middle cerebral artery?
Definition
Inner aspects of the opercula and lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere
Term
What are the primary larger arteries of the vertebrobasilar system?
Definition
Posterior cerebral artery, vertebral arteries, basilar artery
Term
What are the branches of the posterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Quadrigeminal artery, thalamoperforating artery, thalamogeniculate artery, medial posterior and lateral posterior choroid arteries, calcarine artery, parieto-occipital artery
Term
What general areas are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery?
Definition
Midbrain, thalamus, choroid plexus, temporal lobe, caudal parietal lobe, visual cortex, and splenium of corpus callosum
Term
Damage or occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery may cause what symptoms?
Definition
Homonymous hemianopia, pure alexia, sensory deficit with deep territory involvement
Term
Which branches of the posterior cerebral artery collectively supplies the midbrain, thalamus, and choroid plexus?
Definition
Quadrigeminal, thalamoperforating, medial and lateral posterior choroid, and thalamogeniculate arteries
Term
What is supplied by the thalamoperforating artery?
Definition
Supplies anterior and medial thalamus
Term
What is supplied by the thalamogeniculate artery?
Definition
Posterior and lateral thalamus
Term
What is supplied by the medial posterior choroid artery?
Definition
Choroid plexus of 3rd and lateral ventricles and posterior and lateral thalamus
Term
What is supplied by the lateral posterior choroid artery?
Definition
Cerebral peduncle, fornix, caudate nucleus, and posterior and lateral thalamus
Term
What is supplied by the calcarine artery?
Definition
Visual motor cortex and medial surface of the occipital lobe
Term
What are the branches given off by the vertebral arteries?
Definition
Posterior inferior cerebellar, posterior spinal, and anterior spinal arteries
Term
What structures are supplied by the vertebral arteries?
Definition
Medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and the dura of the posterior cranial fossa
Term
What is supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery?
Definition
Dorsolateral medulla, choroid plexus of 4th ventricle, and posterior medial parts of the inferior cerebellar surface
Term
What is supplied by the posterior spinal artery?
Definition
Dorsal spinal cord and dorsolateral region of medulla oblongata
Term
What is supplied by the anterior spinal artery?
Definition
Anterior and medial areas of the medulla and spinal cord
Term
What are the branches given off by the basilar artery?
Definition
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery, paramedian branches, short and long circumferential branches, superior cerebellar artery
Term
What is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery?
Definition
Ventral and lateral surfaces of the cerebellum, part of the pons, small part of the choroid plexus that extends out of the 4th ventricle
Term
What artery is given off by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery?
Definition
Labyrinthine artery
Term
What is supplied by the labyrinthine artery?
Definition
Enters internal acoustic meatus to supply inner ear
Term
What is supplied by the paramedian branches and the long and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery?
Definition
Pons
Term
What is supplied by the superior cerebellar artery?
Definition
Superior cerebellum, deep cerebellar nuclei, caudal midbrain, and lateral tegmentum of the rostral pons
Term
Where does the superior cerebellar artery divide into medial and lateral branches?
Definition
Ambient cistern
Term
What vein drains the entire cerebral venous system?
Definition
Internal jugular veins
Term
What makes cerebral veins susceptible to pathologically altered flow?
Definition
Lack of valves
Term
What does the superior sagittal sinus drain blood from?
Definition
Misagittal surface
Term
What does the straight sinus drain into?
Definition
Superior sagittal sinus
Term
What drains into the straight sinus?
Definition
Great cerebral vein of Galen and the internal cerebral veins
Term
What drains into the great cerebral vein of Galen?
Definition
Posterior vein of the corpus colossum and the basal vein of Rosenthal (drains medial temporal lobe)
Term
The internal cerebral veins drain from what structures?
Definition
Internal structures of the cerebral hemispheres
Term
What veins constitute the internal cerebral veins?
Definition
Choroidal veins and thalamostriate veins
Term
What veins drain into the transverse sinus?
Definition
Superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
Term
What do the superior and inferior petrosal veins connect?
Definition
Cavernous sinus to the transverse sinus and origin of the internal jugular vein respectively
Term
What connects the superior sagittal sinus with the superficial middle cerebral vein?
Definition
Superior anastomotic vein of Trolard
Term
What connects the transverse sinus to the superficial middle cerebral vein?
Definition
Inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe
Term
What vein courses medially around the temporal pole to end in the cavernous sinus?
Definition
Superficial middle cerebral vein
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