Term
| main structural parts of the cell (3) |
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Definition
| plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus |
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Term
| functions of the plasma membrane (4) |
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Definition
| keeps cells intact, acts as a well-guarded gateway between cell fluid and tissue fluid, communication device, ID tag |
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Definition
| the specialized living material of the cell, contains the organelles |
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Definition
| synthesize proteins (protein factories) |
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Term
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and types (2) |
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Definition
| subway system of the cell; rough ER and smooth ER |
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Definition
| ribosomes attached, synthesizes proteins |
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Definition
| synthesizes lipids and certain carbs, metabolizes fats, and drug detox (no ribosomes; no role in protein synthesis) |
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Term
| golgi apparatus- structure |
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Definition
| consists of tiny, flattened sacs stacked on top of one another near the nucleus; cell's chemical processing and packaging center |
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Term
| golgi apparatus- function |
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Definition
| chemically processes the molecules from the ER then packages them into vesicles that break away and move outward to the plasma membrane in order to release its contents |
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Definition
| break off the SER and carry proteins to the golgi apparatus |
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Definition
| power plant of the cell; cell respiration takes place here |
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Definition
| contains digestive enzymes used to protect cells against destruction by microbes |
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Definition
| if a cell is injured lysosomes can rupture and result in the self digestion of the cell |
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Definition
| rod shaped, only found in animal cells, important in cell division |
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Definition
| hairlike extensions capable of movement |
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Definition
| single projection capable of movement (sperm) |
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Definition
| chemical substances that may or may not be present (storage of excess material) |
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Definition
| membranous sacs containing enzymes that use O2 to disarm free radicals by turning them into water |
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Definition
| highly reactive chemicals with unpaired e- that can scramble the structure of proteins and nucleic acids |
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Definition
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Definition
| more common and larger in plant cells; used for storage |
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| dark area near the nucleus that contains the centrioles that are surrounded by protein |
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Definition
| controls every organelle in the cytoplasm, controls cell reproduction; control center of a cell |
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Definition
| nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, nucleoli, chromatin |
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Definition
| selectively permeable membrane surrounding the nucleus |
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Definition
| special type of cellular material, jellylike fluid |
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Definition
| round bodies where ribosomes are assembled |
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Definition
| DNA combined with protein forming a loose network of threads |
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Definition
| rod like structure composed of chromatin |
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Definition
| 23 total = 22 pairs of autosomes + 1 pair of sex chromosomes |
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