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| Louis the Pious (r.814-840) |
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| Last son of Charlemagne. Served as co-ruler until his father's death in 813. Lived in a more religious environment and heavily revised his father's history to depict himself as greater. |
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| Created with the intention of making Charlemagne appear lesser than his son in religious matters |
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| Louis goes to Rome to be crowned emperor, as he saw his father's own crowning of him inadequate. Sign of the papacy as emperor maker still. |
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| First wife of Louis, whom he was very faithful to, until her death. |
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| Bernard of Italy (d. 818) |
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| nephew of Louis who is seen as a revolter by Louis and is blinded, death a result of being blinded. |
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| head of the monastary at Orleans who sides with Bernard and is executed along with him. |
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| replacement to Theodulf and a court scholar of Louis. Writes "on the twelve abuses of the world" |
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| written by Jonas in 831, shows two methods of kingship cut and pasted from what he thinks is Cyprian of Africa, but is actually Cyprian of Ireland! |
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| On the Twelve Abuses of The World |
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| exemplifies the political theory of the time, avoid abuses listed to prevent hardship. Prevent the creation of an unjust king. |
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| young Bavarian who was chosen out of a lot of young Bavarians. Known for her beauty. |
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| In response to his actions against Bernard in 822. Strips down in the streets and shit like that, gets a mixed reaction. |
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| Absolute rule of the abbot, ideal monastic community to produce the best life of prayer, Roman/Italian rule made popular by Gregory the Great. Not used in Carolingian age until around 690, then heavily popular |
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| Obedience, silence, restrictions on food and drink, not as detailed as St. Benedict's, not effective for running a monastary |
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| use of multiple rules for running a monastary |
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| Wrote the Concordia Regularum which compared the rules and argued for the universal use of St. Benedict exclusively |
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| in 817 copied the purest copy of the Rule of Benedict which was sent to St Gall |
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| 819-826, meant to be the ideal monastic life |
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| a teacher who wrote the life of St Gall between 816-824 |
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| a student of Wetti who was a close friend of Louis the Pious |
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| wrote a commentary on the rule of benedict |
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| Theodulf of Orleans' Precepts for Priests |
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| on how to learn and teach the gospel, on the sacredness of the church and celebration of the mass, on the treatment of others |
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| search for orthodoxy in Rome, attempt to condemn Aldebert and Clemens instigated by St Boniface. |
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| Aldebert is performing dark miracles and claiming living saint hood, Clemens is rejecting Church writings. |
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| Willibald's description of paganism |
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| In his Life of St Boniface talks alot about tree worship and such, assumption made that Germanic paganism was akin to Roman paganism and that all paganism was one paganism |
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| On the belief of UFOs and how only God can cause such things |
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| on how to handle confessions by known witches, wizards, penni touchers, and the like |
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| Translation of Saints Marcellinus and Peter |
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| written by Einhard offers insight into how people viewed healing |
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| a student of Alcuin in Fulda who tries to remedy superstitions |
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| tree ages based on rings...shows rainy and dry seasons by thick and thinness of the rings. |
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| Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP) |
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| used to show volcanoes...and its cool cause no volcanoes went off during the Carolingian age |
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| Dr Gibson thinks its just dust in the wind |
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| leaves court life to be the abbot in 796. Begins writing against a Felix of wherever and gets Charlemagne's approval and produces a ton of volumes on why this guy is wrong. Basically after leaving court life tries to get back into it |
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| Wrote on the veneration/worship/use of images in Christianity |
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| removes crosses and images from Churches b/c people worshiping them |
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| receives and is asked to refute information that was forwarded to Charlemagne regarding heresy |
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| edited and rewritten by Jonas to reinforce orthodoxy by changing the wording of certain key areas |
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| presence in the Eucharist? 831-33, 844, 843. shows the role of the ruler and the competition between writers to gain favor from him by starting fights over orthodoxy |
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| known for arguing double predestination and caused a ton of trouble. |
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