Term
| Posteriorly the heart rests on the bodies of___ |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is transverse and appears large in proportion to the diameter of the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____Sac-like structure that covers the heart |
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Definition
| Pericardium (pericardial sac) |
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Term
| The ___ provides protection against friction |
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Definition
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Term
| Composed of three distinct layers: |
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Definition
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Term
| Outer layer of heart wall: |
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Definition
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Term
| Thick, contractile middle layer of heart wall; compresses the heart cavities, and the blood within them, with great force |
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Definition
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Term
| Delicate inner layer of endothelial tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is thicker than the myocardium of the atria. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ of left ventricle is thicker than the right b/c it must ___ |
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Definition
Myocardium
push blood much further |
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Term
| _____ prevent blood from flowing back into the atria from the ventricles when the ventricles contract |
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Definition
| Atrioventricular (AV) valves |
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Term
| ____ guards the right atrioventricular orifice; three flaps |
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Definition
| Tricuspid valve (right AV valve) |
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Term
| ____similar in structure to tricuspid valve except has only two flaps |
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Definition
| Bicuspid or mitral valve (left AV valve) |
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Term
| ____ half-moon-shaped flaps growing out from the lining of the pulmonary artery and aorta. Prevents blood from back flowing into the ventricles |
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Definition
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Term
| Ventricles receive blood from branches of _____ |
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Definition
| right and left coronary arteries |
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Term
| What carries blood away from the heart, |
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Definition
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Term
| all arteries except ___ carry oxygenated blood |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of arteries are the largest arteries in the body |
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Definition
| Elastic, ex. aorta and its major branches |
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Term
| An abnormally widened section of an artery due to a weakening of the arterial wall |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Carry blood toward the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| all veins except ___ carry deoxygenated blood |
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Definition
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Term
| External layer, found in arteries and veins |
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Definition
| Tunica externa (tunica adventitia) |
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Term
| Middle layer, found in arteries and veins |
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Definition
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Term
| Internal layer, found in all blood vessels; only layer present in capillaries. |
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Definition
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Term
| The order of blood flow through the vessels is: |
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Definition
| Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, and Veins |
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Term
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Definition
| Venous blood moves from right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lung arterioles and capillaries, where gases are exchanged; oxygenated blood returns to left atrium by pulmonary veins; from left atrium, blood enters the ventricle. |
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Term
| All main __ ___ ___ ___ ___, which continues to rebranch, forming arterioles and then capillaries |
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Definition
| arteries branch off the aorta, |
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Term
| Venous blood from the head, neck, upper extremities, and thoracic cavity (except lungs) drains into ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen drains into _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Blockage or weakening of critical arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| Collection of mechanisms that influence the dynamic (active and changing) circulation of blood |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four major structures of the heart? |
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Definition
1. Sinoatrial (SA) node (Pacemaker)
2. Atrioventricular (AV) node
3. AV Bundle (Bundle of his)
4. Subendocardial branches (purkinje fibers) |
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Term
| Graphic record of the heart's electrical activites, conduction of impulses. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ valves are open, ___ valves are closed |
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Definition
| Atrioventricular (AV), Semilunar (SL) |
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Term
| The first heart sound is heard during this period. |
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Definition
| Isovolumetric ventricular contraction |
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Term
| The second heart sound is heard during this period |
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Definition
| Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation |
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Term
| first sound, believed to be caused primarily by the contraction of the ventricles and vibration of the closing AV valves |
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Definition
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Term
| short, sharp sound, thought caused by vibration of the closing of SL valves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a pressure gradient exists |
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Term
| Pressure gradient needed to maintain blood flow through a local tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| Volume of blood pumped out of the heart per unit of time |
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Definition
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Term
| One-way valves in veins prevent ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Force of the blood pushing against the artery walls while ventricles are contracting |
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Definition
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Term
| Force of the blood pushing against the the artery walls while ventricles are relaxing |
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Definition
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Term
| Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood escapes from artery in spurts b/c of alterning increase and decrease or arterial blood pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood flows slowly and steadily because of low, nearly constant pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| The common _____ ____ is used for feeling the pulse in the neck |
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Definition
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Term
| The ____ ____ is usually used for measuring blood pressure |
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Definition
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