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Cardiovascular System - Heart
Chapter VIII
30
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/23/2012

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Term
Auricle
Definition
small conical pouch that extends from each atria
Term
In the sheep heart which sections have thicker walls?
Definition
Ventricles
Term
What forms the boundary between the left and right ventricles?
Definition
Interventricular sulcus
Term
What is contained within the interventricular sulcus?
Definition
Coronary artery and cardiac vein
Term
What is the role of the coronary artery and cardiac vein?
Definition
supply blood to the tissues of the heart itself
Term
What is the very thin outermost layer of the heart called?
Definition
visceral pericardium or epicardium
Term
What is the thick muscular layer of the heart?
Definition
myocardium
Term
How does cardiac muscle cells resemble skeletal muscles?
Definition
Striations
Term
How are cardiac muscle cells different from the skeletal muscle cells?
Definition
Branched, joined to one another via intercalated discs
Term
What are intercalated discs?
Definition
intercellular junctions of the cardiac muscle cells
Term
What does branching of the cellsand the intercalated discs form?
Definition
Interconnected cell network
Term
What is the importance of the interconnected cell network?
Definition
Rapid spread of action potential allowing all areas of a heart chamber to contract virtually simultaneiously
Term
How long does it take the cardiac cycle to complete?
Definition
about .8 seconds
Term
Cardiac cycle: Step 1
Definition
contractoin of the two atria
Term
What is atrial systole?
Definition
contraction of the two atria
Term
What is atrial diastole?
Definition
long period of relaxation after contraction
Term
What is ventricular systole?
Definition
contraction of the ventricles
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 2
Definition
Atrial contraction pushes blood into ventricles
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 4
Definition
Ventricles begin contracting
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 5
Definition
AV valves are pushed closed by back flowing blood
Term
What creates the "lub" sound?
Definition
closing of the AV valves
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 6
Definition
Contraction of ventricles pushes blood into two arteries
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 7LV
Definition
Blood is propelled from left ventricle into aorta
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 7RV
Definition
Blood from right ventricle is pushed into the pulmonary trunk
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 3
Definition
Atria enter diastole
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 8
Definition
Ventricles and Atria in diastole
Term
Cardiac Cycle: Step 9
Definition
Semilunar valves prevent backflow into ventricles
Term
What produces the "dup" sound?
Definition
Closing of the semilunar valves
Term
What is stenosis?
Definition
narrowing of teh opening of the valve
Term
What is the Korotkoff sound?
Definition
When blood flow is turbulent and creates a soft sound
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