Term
The heart, great vessels, aorta, and other large vessels constitute the gross ________ system.
Capillaries, arterioles and venules make up the __________ system. |
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Definition
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Term
normal systolic level
diastolic level |
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Definition
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Term
Artery with largest diameter
Vein with largest diameter |
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Definition
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Term
| Three tunics of large vessels from inner most to outer most. |
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Definition
| tunica intima (TI), tunica media (TM), tunica adventitia (TA) |
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Term
| The ____ _________ is found in the tunica __________ and functions to provide nutrients to very large vessels. |
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Definition
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Term
| The endothelial layer of the tunica intima is made of |
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Definition
| simple squamous epithelium |
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Term
| The internal elastic lamina (IEL) is found in which tunic? |
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Definition
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Term
| The external elastic lamina (EEL) is found in which tunic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Circumferentially arranged smooth muscle is found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Arteries function in a ____ pressure system, veins function in a ____ pressure system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Wall of vein usually _______ than a similar sized artery |
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Definition
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Term
Tunica _________ predominant in veins
Tunica _______ is predominant in arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| Large arteries affect ________blood pressure and are also called conducting or _______ arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| Medium arteries are called _________ arteries and have well-defined ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ lack a subendothelial layer and an __________ elastic lamina |
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Definition
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Term
| In arterioles the tunica ________ is limited or absent and lacks an _______ elastic lamina |
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Definition
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Term
| Function as “control valves” for capillary beds |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ consist of a single layer of highly permeable endothelial cells surrounded by a _____ _______ (variable) |
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Definition
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Term
| Capillaries are ____ pressure vessels that allow ________ diffusion across their walls. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| continuous, fenestrated, discontinuous (sinusoidal) |
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Term
| The basal lamina is present in these two types of capillaries but absent in this type. |
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Definition
present- continuous, fenestrated
absent- discontinuous (sinusoidal) |
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Term
| continuous capillaries are found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| fenestrated capillaries are found in the |
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Definition
| jejunum and the renal glomerulus |
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Term
| discontinued capillaries aree found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| fenestrated capillaries have _____ or "fenestrae" in the cell wall |
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Definition
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Term
| discontinuous capillaries have ____ in the cell wall |
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Definition
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Term
| Functions of capillary endothelium: |
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Definition
exchange of gases
enzyme mediated reactions
exchange of fluids and metabolites via small and large pores |
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Term
| 3 types of capillary systems |
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Definition
arteriole – capillary – venule
arteriole – capillary – arteriole
capillary – venule – capillary |
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Term
| arteriole-capillary-arteriole system found in the |
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Definition
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Term
| capillary-venule-capillary system found in the |
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Definition
adenohypophysis of the
pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
An endothelial lining
No tunica media
Thin wall and larger lumen than an arteriole
Small collagenous tunica adventitia
Smallest vein to receive blood from converging capillaries |
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Term
__________ in venules
causes separation of endothelial cells, and exposes the ______ ______ to allow passage of cells and fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ ______ are similar to venules, but have a thicker tunica media and tunica adventitia |
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Definition
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Term
| Medium and large veins have _____ but only the large veins have _____ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Medium veins have _________ arranged smooth muscle in media and _____________ arranged smooth muscle in adventitia |
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Definition
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Term
| In large veins the __________ is most prominent and contains numerous ____________ arranged bundles of smooth muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| The tunica media of _______ veins is much thicker relative to the size of the lumen compared to _____ veins. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ of veins consist of two outpockets of endothelium of the tunica _______ that extend into the lumen |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 layers of the heart from outer to inner |
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Definition
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium |
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Term
| The endocardial layer of the heart is composed of an endothelial lining, _____ ______, and subendocardial layer of connective tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| layer of the heart continuous with the heart valves |
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Definition
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Term
| ______, nerves and the _______ __________ system are present in the subendocardial region of the _____________ layer of the heart. |
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Definition
veins
impulse conducting
endocardium |
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Term
| Cardiac muscle cells modified for conduction. Generally, larger than cardiac muscle cells, containing elevated levels of glycogen |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac muscle fibers in the ___________ of the heart have nuclei that are __________ located. |
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Definition
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Term
| The endocardium has a serous covering of mesothelium and _____ _________ tissue making up the subepicardial layer, and contains ________ ________. |
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Definition
loose connective
adipose tissue |
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Term
| Cardiac muscle tissue has __________ _____ and the _______ are centrally located. |
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Definition
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Term
| Purkinje fibers are found in the ___________ layer. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Leading cause of death in this country – afflicts more than 28 million people resulting in 1 million deaths per year.
2. Not limited to the elderly. |
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Term
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Definition
Degenerating metabolic lesion of vessel whereby tunica intima becomes thickened by cholesterol deposits and hardened by healing and degeneration (plaque)
If coronaries involved, circulation to the heart muscle is compromised, resulting in compromise of normal function due to ischemia (inadequate blood supply)
Histologically, endothelium and smooth muscle are primarily involved
Early stages are partly reversible. Late stages become irreversibly calcified and hardened |
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