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Cardiac Cycle/EKG/Heart
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24
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/23/2010

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Term
Stethoscope
Definition
An amplifying device used to listen to the heart throught the chest.
Term
Murmur
Definition
The gurgling or swishing sound heard when the valves do not completely close. Blood leaks back into the proximal chamber.
Term
Blood Pressure
Definition
the pressure exerted by the blood on its containing vessels.
Term
Systole
Definition
Contraction of the heart. Blood Exits the heart.
Term
Systolic Pressure
Definition
The pressure generated by the blood during systole.
Term
Disastole
Definition
Relaxation. Blood flows back toward the heart, closing the two semilunar valves.
Term
Diastolic pressure
Definition
The pressure generated by the blood during disatole.
Term
Cannula
Definition
A way of measuring blood pressure that involves inserting a tube directly into the artery
Term
Sphgtgninabineter
Definition
An electronic blood pressure monitor. Measures blood pressure in an artery directly proximal to the elbow.
Term
100 and 140 mm Hg
Definition
The average Systolic Pressure for a normal 20-year-old student.
Term
70-90 mm Hg
Definition
The average diastolic pressure for an average 20-year-old student.
Term
Hypertension
Definition
Also called high blood pressure. The main causes are sodium and water retention, stress, kidney problems, and obesity.
Term
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
Definition
the average pressure of blood in all the systemic arteries. It can be calculated by first determining the pulse pressure. Then, subtract 1/3 of the PP from the diastolic pressure.
example:
MAP=80-1/3(40)
Term
Pulse Pressure
Definition
The difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.
example:
120/90->30
Term
Cardiac Output
Definition
the amount of blood delivered from the left ventricle to the various parts of the body in a given time. It only makes reference to the left ventricle because the right ventricle does not deliver blood to the body tissues. It is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (beats per min) by the stroke volume (ml of blood per min).
Term
Stroke Volume
Definition
the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle every time it fully contracts. It is calculated by subtracting the end-systolic volume (ESV) from the end-diastolic volume (EDV).
Term
End-systolic Volume (ESV)
Definition
the amount of blood remaining in the ventricle at the end of full systole.
Term
End-Diastolic Volume
Definition
the maximum amount of blood that the ventricle can hold.
Term
Pulse
Definition
Generated due to the beating of the heart. As the ventricles enter systole, blood moves into both the pulmonary artery and the arota, and continues to flow away from the heart. As the ventricles enter diastole, blood is drawn back towards the heart. The blood does not flow smoothly through the vessels, rather, it pulsates->moves foward then backward.
Term
Contraction of the heart
Definition
Sinoatrial node->atrioventricular node-> bundle of his->right and left branches->purkinje fibers.
Term
Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Definition
Recording the electrical activity of the heart.
Term
The P Wave
Definition
First upward deflection in an EKG, represents electrical activity that immediately precedes the contractions of the atria, it indicates atrial depolarization.
Term
The QRS complex
Definition
Represents the electrical activity that immediately precedes ventricular contraction. Indicates the ventricular depolarization and the atrial repolarization.
Term
The T wave
Definition
Third upward deflection, represents the repolarization of the ventricles.
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