Term
| Types of Canine Infectious Diseases |
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Definition
Enteric (parvovirus, coronavirus)
Respiratory (bordetella, distemper)
Other (hepatitis, leptospirosis) |
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Term
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Definition
DNA virus found in dogs, foxes, and wolves and is transmitted fecal-oral
NOT zoonotic |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Transmission |
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Definition
| Virus is shed in feces, has a small minimum infective dose, and persists in the environment for up to 1 year |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Predisposing Factors |
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Definition
Infected dogs shed virus for 2 weeks with subclinical signs, resulting in significant spreading
Parasitism, coronavirus and stress make an animal more susceptible
Rottweilers and Dobermans are predisposed |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Pathogenesis |
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Definition
| Parvovirus can result in myocarditis which is only seen in puppies under 8 weeks of age and causes sudden death |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Clinical Signs |
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Definition
Acute onset fever, vomiting, diarrhea
Depression, anorexia, lethargy
Hematochezia |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Fluid volume deficit, electrolyte imbalance, vomiting, diarrhea, pain, risk of infection transmission |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Diagnosis |
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Definition
Virus detection via Snap Cite test
CBC will reveal leukopenia |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Therapy |
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Definition
Supportive/nonspecific
Rest GI tract, restore fluid and electrolyte imbalance, minimize fluid loss
Withhold food 12-24 hours, then gruel
Antibiotics, antiemetics, intestinal protectants |
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Term
| Parvoviral Enteritis Prevention |
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Definition
Vaccination
Bitch should be vaccinated for puppies |
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Term
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Definition
| RNA virus found in dogs and transmitted fecal-oral |
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Term
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Definition
Chronic carriers-shed virus for months
Short lived immunity |
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Term
| Coronavirus Clinical Signs |
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Definition
Milder diarrhea than Canine Parvovirus
May or may not be vomiting
Usually no blood in fecal material
No leukopenia |
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Term
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Definition
Only diagnostic test available is serologic (paired serum samples)
Most dogs show antibodies to coronavirus |
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Term
| Coronavirus Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Fluid volume deficit, vomiting, diarrhea, pain, risk of infection transmission |
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Term
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Definition
Supportive/nonspecific
Rest GI tract, restore fluid and electrolyte imbalance, minimize fluid loss
Withhold food 12-24 hours, then gruel
Antibiotics, antiemetics, intestinal protectants |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
RNA virus related to measles
Seen primarily in canines and ferrets
NOT zoonotic |
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Term
| Canine Distemper Transmission |
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Definition
Spread via direct contact and aerosal
Virus found in large numbers respirator exudates, secretions, urine
25-75% of infected become subclinical
Virus excreted up to 60 days following infection (generally less) |
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Term
| Canine Distemper Clinical Signs |
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Definition
Mild-severe
Listless, fever, cough, nasal discharge, dyspnea
Mucopurulent ocular discharge, conjunctivitis, severe cough, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration
Impetiginous dermatitis (rarely associated with neuro signs)
Nasal and digital hyperkeratosis
Neuro signs: seizures, vestibular signs, paresis, ataxia
Transplacental: neuro signs at 4-6 weeks, abortion, stillbirth, immunologic deficiencies
Neonatal infections: enamel abnoralities in deciduous teeth |
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Term
| Canine Distemper Diagnosis |
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Definition
Diagnosed only in severe cases; mild cases go undiagnosed
CBC, immunocytology |
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Term
| Canine Distemper Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Vomiting, fluid volume deficit, impaired thermoregulation, underweight, obstructed airway, reduced mobility, risk of infection transmission, altered reproduction, altered mental status |
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Term
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Definition
Clean, ventilated environment for respiration
Antibiotics
Supportive: fluids, anti-emetics |
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Term
| Canine Distemper Prevention |
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Definition
Vaccination
Measles vaccine (non human product) used for first vaccine-slight antigenic difference allows to minimize maternal interference |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis |
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Definition
| Caused by Adenovirus (CAV1) |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Transmission |
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Definition
Oronasal
Virus shed in urine of infected animals |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Clinical Signs |
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Definition
Mostly very young, can show no signs at all
Hepatomegaly, elevated ALT, bloody diarrhea, vomiting, neurologic, ocular signs, sudden death |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Diagnosis |
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Definition
Clinical signs + vaccine history
Serology
Blood work: CBC=neutrophilia, elevated ALT |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Impaired thermoregulation, fluid volume deficit, vomiting, pain, risk of infection transmission |
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Therapy |
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Definition
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Term
| Infectious Canine Hepatitis Prevention |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Thin filament looking bacteria |
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Term
| Leptospirosis Transmission |
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Definition
| direct contact, venereal, placental, meat |
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Term
| Leptospirosis Clinical Signs |
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Definition
| Fever, decreased heart rate, irregular pulse, decreased CRT, DIC, vomiting, anorexia, dehydration, icterus, acute kidney or liver failure |
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Term
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Definition
Leukopenia followed by cytosis
Decreased BUN, ALT
Culture, serology |
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Term
| Leptospirosis Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Impaired thermoregulation, altered nutritional intake, fluid volume deficit, altered urination, activity intolerance, pain, risk of transmission ZOONOTIC |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibiotics, fluids, plasma |
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Term
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Definition
Eliminate carriers/reservoirs
Rodents=main carriers
Vaccination
Many dogs will have SQ reactions to this portion of the vaccine |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis |
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Definition
ITB
Bordetella bronchiseptica (AKA Kennel Cough)
Adenovirus (CAV type 2)
Parainfluenza |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis Clinical Signs |
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Definition
| Honking, dry cough associated with laryngitis, often gag, conjunctivitis, nasal discharge |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis Diagnosis |
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Definition
Clinical signs
Known exposure/vaccine status
CBC-neutrophilia
Transtracheal wash |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis Technician Assessments |
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Definition
| Activity intolerance, impaired ventilation, risk of infection transmission, owner information deficit |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis Therapy |
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Definition
| Cough suppressants (antitussives), bronchodilators, supportive care |
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Term
| Infectious Tracheobronchitis Prevention |
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Definition
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