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Broken bones and fractures
Unit 1B
21
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/17/2010

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Cards

Term
Closed (Simple)
Definition
doesn't break skin
Term
Open (Compound)
Definition
broken ends protrude through skin
Term
Partial
Definition
A fracture that does not extend the entire width of the bone
Term
Complete
Definition
A fracture that extends the entire width of a bone
Term
Displaced
Definition
Fracture i which the two ends of a bone are separated from one another
Term
Nondisplaced
Definition
(hairline fracture) a simple crack in a bone that does not cause the bone to move from its anatomical position
Term
Greenstick
Definition
Partial fracture in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side bends
Term
Impacted
Definition
One end of fractured bone is forcefully driven into the interior of the ohtrer
Term
Pott's
Definition
fracture of the distal end of lateral leg bone, with serious injury of the distal tibial articulation
Term
Colles
Definition
fracture of the distal end of radius in which distal fragment is displaced posteriorly
Term
spiral
Definition
fracture in which the has been twisted apart
Term
comminuted
Definition
bone splinters at the site of impact, and smaller fragments lie between the two main fragments
Term
stress
Definition
series of microscopic fissures in a bone that form without any evidence of injury to other tissues
Term

avulsion

= chip

Definition
separation of small fragments of bone cortex at the site of attachment for a ligament or tendon
Term
4 steps of bone repair
Definition

fracture hematoma

fibrocartilagnous callus formation

bony callus

bone remodeling

Term
fracture hematoma
Definition

blood forms clot around site

6-8 hours after injury

nearby bone cells die

swelling an inflammation occur

Term
fibrocartilaginous callus formation
Definition

procallus- actively growing connective tissue

fibroblasts invade and produce collagen fibers

osteogenic cells dev into chondroblasts

procallus turns into fibrocartilignous

Term
bone remodeling
Definition

broken fragments gradually reasorbed by osteoclasts

compact replaces spongy- often a thickened area of bone remains as evidance

may be stronger than the bone before

Term
how do we treat fractures?
Definition

vary according to age, type of fracture, and bone involved

realignment, immobilization, restoration of function

reduction. then plates, screws, pins, rods and wires

Term
open reduction
Definition
surgery involving pins, screws, plates, rods ect to realign bones
Term
closed reduction
Definition
manual manipulation to realign bones
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