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Brain
parts of the brain
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/08/2010

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Cards

Term
Why do you think the olfactory bulbs are larger in sheep than in human?
Definition
sheep rely on smell more than humans do
Term
How does the size of the cerebrum in human compare with the size in sheep? Why??
Definition
The cerebrum of humans is larger than that of sheep because the mental capacity of humans is larger- mental, emotional, spiritual, etc.
Term
What is meningitis and why is it a serious condition?
Definition
The inflammation of the meninges; it is a serious threat because a bacterial or viral meningitis may spread to the central nervous system.
Term
What is hydrocephalus and what causes it?
Definition
"Water on the brain"; when something (a tumor) obstructs the circulation or drainage of CFS; it accumulates and exerts pressure on the brain
Term
Describe the relationship between the optic nerve, optic chiasma, and optic tract.
Definition
The axons of the retinal ganglion cells issue from the back of the eyeballs in the optic nerves. A the X-shaped optic chiasma fibers from the medial aspect of each eye cross over to the opposite side and then continue on via the optic tract. All play a role in vision.
Term
Thalamus
Definition
two large lobes of gray matter which mediate sensation, motor activities, learning and memory
Term
Superior Colliculi
Definition
visual reflex centers, which coordinate head and eye movement when tracking a moving object
Term
Sulci
Definition
grooves on the surface of the brain
Term
Septum Pellucidum
Definition
a thin membrane which separates the lateral ventricles
Term
Postcentral Gyrus
Definition
a ridge of brain tissue which contains the somatosensory area
Term
Pons
Definition
a bulging brainstem region between the midbrain and medulla oblongata
Term
Pineal Body
Definition
a small epithalamus structure that secretes melatonin to help regulate the sleep-wake cycle
Term
Parieto-occipital Sulcus
Definition
a groove that divides the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe
Term
Midbrain
Definition
area of the brain located between the diencephalon and pons that contains the corpora quadrigemina
Term
Medulla Oblongata
Definition
the most inferior part of the brainstem which houses autonomic centers involved in the control of heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure
Term
Longitudinal fissure
Definition
a deep groove which divides the cerebral hemispheres
Term
Lateral Sulcus
Definition
a groove that separates the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobe
Term
inferior colliculi
Definition
auditory reflex centers, which are a part of the auditory relay from the hearing receptors to the sensory cotex
Term
gyri
Definition
elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the brain
Term
corpus callosum
Definition
the largest commissure, connecting the cerebral hemispheres
Term
corpora quadrigemina
Definition
four domelike projections on the midbrain
Term
cerebral hemispheres
Definition
the most superior portion of the brain
Term
cerebellum
Definition
a cauliflower-like structure dorsal to the pons and medulla, and involved in providing precise timing and pattern of skeletal muscle movement
Term
central sulcus
Definition
a groove that divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
Term
arbor vitae
Definition
a tree-like branching of cerebellar white matter
Term
List and describe the 3 layers of the meninges
Definition
1. dura mater: "rough mother" the strongest meninx, 2-layered sheet of fibrous connective tissue
2. arachoid mater: middle meninx, forms a loose covering
3. pia mater: "gentle mother" clings tight to brain
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