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Brain Atlas Facts
Neuroanatomy Brain Atlas Facts
49
Anatomy
Graduate
03/13/2012

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Cards

Term
what is gray matter
Definition
cell bodies
Term
what is white matter
Definition
axons
Term
what color is gray matter in the brain sections
Definition
dark
Term
what color is white matter in the brain sections
Definition
bright white
Term
why do axons appear whiter than cell bodies?
Definition
myelinated axons have a high fat content which makes them appear white
Term
what system of the brain are cingulate gyri a part of?
Definition
limbic
Term
what separates the 2 cerebral hemispheres?
Definition
longitudinal fissure
Term
what is the corpus collosum?
Definition
a large axon tract that is an interconnecting pathway between the left and right hemispheres.
Term
what type of axons go through the corpus collosum?
Definition
commissural fibers
Term
what is the septum pellucidum?
Definition
thin septum that separates the lateral ventricles
Term
what divides the temporal lobe from the frontal lobe?
Definition
lateral fissure/sulcus
Term
where is the insula
Definition
in the lateral fissure/sulcus
Term
what is the insula involved with
Definition
emotion
Term
what is the mass of gray matter lateral to the lateral ventricles?
Definition
caudate nuclei
Term
what are the caudate nuclei a part of
Definition
basal ganglia
Term
what does the internal capsule always go between?
Definition
caudate and putamen
Term
what is the shape of the lateral ventricles?
Definition
C
Term
what is the shape of the caudate?
Definition
C
Term
what is the putamen a part of?
Definition
basal ganglia
Term
what is the internal capsule?
Definition
huge tract of axons that project to and from the cortex to the brainstem/spinal cord
Term
what makes up the striatum?
Definition
caudate and putamen
Term
what are the 3 parts of the basal ganglia
Definition
caudate, putamen, globus pallidus
Term
what separates the globus pallidus and the putamen from the caudate?
Definition
internal capsule
Term
what system is the amygdala a part of and what does it do?
Definition
limbic system: plays an important role inemotional experiences
Term
what lobe is the amygdala in?
Definition
temporal
Term
what is the anterior commissure?
Definition
small axon tract that courses between the 2 hemispheres
Term
what is the fornix
Definition
axon tract that conveys information from the hippocampi to the mamillary bodies
Term
what is the interventricular foramen?
Definition
opening between lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle
Term
what is another name for the interventricular foramen?
Definition
foramen of Monro
Term
what is the thalamus involved in?
Definition
relay of both sensory and motor information
Term
what are the 2 regions of the globus pallidus?
Definition
globus pallidus internal, globus pallidus exernal
Term
what does the hippocampus play a role in?
Definition
memory formation
Term
what does the internal capsule continue as for its large axon tracts to course into the midbrain?
Definition
cerebral peduncles
Term
what sits on top of the midbrain?
Definition
thalamus
Term
what is produced in the substantia nigra?
Definition
dopamine
Term
in what part of the brain are the cerebral peduncles, red nucleus, and substantia nigra found
Definition
midbrain
Term
what is the splenium
Definition
tail of the corpus callosum
Term
what are the 3 parts of the internal capsule
Definition
anterior limb, genu, posterior limb
Term
do axon tracts appear dark or light in the brainstem
Definition
dark
Term
why do axon tracts appear dark in the brainstem
Definition
staining technique
Term
what are the cerebral peduncles/
Definition
large axon tracts (corticospinal) found in the midbrain
Term
function of spinothalamic tract
Definition
carries pain and temperature up to the brain
Term
function of medial lemniscus
Definition
carries mechanical information (pressure, touch, vibration) up to the brain
Term
what are the cerebellar peduncles
Definition
axon tracts that project cortical information into the cerebellum
Term
where are the cerebral peduncles
Definition
midbrain
Term
where are the cerebellar peduncles
Definition
pons
Term
how does information get from the pons to the cerebellum
Definition
through cerebellar peduncles
Term
where are the olivary nuclei and what do they do
Definition
in the medulla; relay information to the cerebellum
Term
what are the pyramids
Definition
tracts of corticospinal axons that project to the spinal cord
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