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Borek Physiology Ch2 Lec3
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15
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/17/2012

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Term
amino acids
Definition
building blocks of protein
Term
peptide bonds
Definition
covalent bonds formed b/t the carboxyl and the amino groups of two different amino acids to form a dipeptide
Term
Name and describe the four levels of protein structure
Definition
primary: sequence of a.a.s in a chain. secondary: bends and folds due to H bonds
tertiary: helix and sheet formation due partially to disulfur bonds
quaternary: multiple proteins form domains of a functional unit
Term
enzymes
Definition
proteins that act as catalysts by physically bringing the reactants in proper proximity and orientation
Term
nucleotide
Definition
building blocks of DNA & RNA: composed of 5-C sugar, nitrogeonous base (C,G,A,T/U), and a phosphate
Term
Change in pH is indicative of: (2)
Definition
either infection or ketoacidosis as in diabetes
Term
CO2 (metabolism)
Definition
waste product of cellular respiration
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
CHO in 1:2:1 ratio used for energy and structure
Term
Functions of lipids (5)
Definition
Protection, Insulation, Regulation, Energy, Signalling (PIRES)
Term
Functions of proteins (6)
Definition
Regulation, Transport, Protection, Muscle contraction, Structure, and Energy.
Mnemonic: Really Toxic Peppers Mar Sensitive Eyes
Term
six carbon monosaccharides
Definition
food source
Term
five carbon monosaccharides
Definition
components of ATP, RNA, & DNA
Term
polysaccharides (animal/vegetable)
Definition
glycogen/cellulose
Term
steriod
give examples
Definition
four ring organic compound
cholesterol, bile salts, estrogen, testosterone, etc
Term
eicosanoids
purpose and examples
Definition
derived from fatty acids; regulation; thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins
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