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Bones
Terminology and Anatomy of Bones
19
Anatomy
Graduate
01/04/2011

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Cards

Term
Short bone
Definition
Cube-shaped bone (such as carpal and small tarsal bones)
Term
Flat bone
Definition
Two plates of compact bone, separated by cancellous bone (ex: some bones of skull and ribs)
Term
Irregular bone
Definition
Complex and irregularly-shaped bone (includes vertebrae and certain facial bones)
Term
Sesamoid bone
Definition
small bone embedded in tendon; resembling a sesame seed (ex: patella, proximal and distal sesamoid bones)
Term
Long bone
Definition
bone larger than wide, consisting of diaphysis (body) and two epiphyses (extremities) with their articular cartilage (ex: humerus, radius, femur, tibia, metacarpals and metatarsals)
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Long shaft of long bone
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
Two enlarged ends(proximal and distal extremities) of long bone
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
Joining point of diaphysis and epiphysis in growing bone; part of the epiphyseal cartilage being replaced by bone
Term
Periosteum
Definition
fibrous covering around the bone that is not covered by articular cartilage; necessary for bone growth, repair, nutrition and attachment for ligaments and tendons
Term
Articular surface
Definition
Smooth layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis where one bone forms a joint with another bone
Term
Medullary cavity
Definition
space in the diaphysis containing the marrow
Term
Endosteum
Definition
fibrous and cellular tissue lining the medullary cavity of bone
Term
Apophysis
Definition
Outgrowth of bone; process
Term
Cortex
Definition
Compact bone surrounding medullary cavity
Term
Epiphyseal cartilage/plate or physis or metaphyseal plate or growth plate/cartilage
Definition
Plate of cartilage between diaphysis and epiphyses of immature long bones; where long bones are lengthened
Term
Compact bone
Definition
gross term for part of bone that looks solid
Term
Cancellous bone
Definition
gross term for bone with visible spaces in it; has trabecular structure of strands of bone separated by spaces; located at epiphyseal ends of marrow cavity
Term
Woven bone
Definition
Histological name for immature bone that's laid down but not organized by secondary remodeling; can be compact or cancellous bone
Term
Haversian bone
Definition
Histological term for adult bone that has been remodeled; can be compact or cancellous bone
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