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Bone Structure Flash Cards
Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
25
Anatomy
Not Applicable
06/18/2012

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Cards

Term
acromegaly
Definition
A condition caused by excess secretion of growth hormone after puberty. Skeletal abnormalities develop, affecting the cartilages and various small bones.
Term
external callus
Definition
A toughened layer of connective tissue that encircles and stabilizes a bone at a fracture site.
Term
fracture
Definition
A crack or break in a bone.
Term
fracture hematoma
Definition
A large blood clot that closes off the injured vessels around a fracture and leaves a fibrous meshwork in the damaged area of bone; the first step in fracture repair.
Term
gigantism
Definition
A condition resulting from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty.
Term
internal callus
Definition
A bridgework of bone trabeculae that unites the broken ends of a bone on the narrow side of a fracture.
Term
Marfan syndrome
Definition
An inherited condition linked to defective production of fibrillin, a connective tissue glycoprotein. Extreme height and long, slender limbs are the most obvious physical indications of Marfan syndrome; cardiovascular problems are the most dangerous aspects of the condition.
Term
osteoclast-activating factor
Definition
A compound, released by cancers of the bone marrow, breast, or other tissues, that produces severe osteoporosis.
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
A softening of bone due to a decrease in its mineral content.
Term
osteopenia
Definition
Inadequate ossification, leading to thinner, weaker bones.
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
A reduction in bone mass to a degree that compromises normal function.
Term
pituitary growth failure
Definition
A disorder caused by inadequate production of growth hormone prior to puberty.
Term
rickets
Definition
A childhood disorder that reduces the amount of calcium salts in the skeleton; typically characterized by a bow-legged appearance, because the leg bones bend under the body's weight.
Term
scurvy
Definition
A condition involving weak, brittle bones as a result of a vitamin C deficiency.
Term
bone markings
Definition
Elevations, projections, depressions, grooves, and tunnels in the bones.
Term
ossification
Definition
The process of converting other tissues to bone.
Term
Calcification
Definition
The process of depositing calcium salts within a tissue.
Term
endochondral ossification
Definition
Begins with a cartilage model that is gradually replaced by bone at the metaphysis. In this way, bone length increases.
Term
intramembranous ossification
Definition
begins when osteoblasts differentiate within connective tissue. The process produces dermal bones.
Term
calcitonin
Definition
Hormone that regulates calcium ion homeostasis and leads to a decline in the calcium concentration in body fluids.
Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition
Hormone that helps regulate calcium ion homeostasis and increases the calcium concentration in body fluids.
Term
fracture hematoma
Definition
A large blood clot that soon close off the injured vessels and leaves fibrous meshwork in the damaged area.
Term
metaphyseal vessels
Definition
Supply blood to the inner surface of each epiphyseal cartilage, where that cartilage is being replaced by bone.
Term
primary ossification center
Definition
The site at which bone development begins.
Term
articular cartilage
Definition
Prevents damaging bone-to-bone contact within the joint.
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