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Bone Flashcards
The bones i need to know
60
Anatomy
12th Grade
03/23/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Frontal Bone
Definition

Forms the anterior portion of the skull above the eyes. The frontal bone is marked by a supraorbital noch through which blood vessels and nerves pass to the tissues of the forehead. The frontal bone have two frontal sinuses one above each eye near the midline.

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Term
Parietal Bones
Definition

Is located on each side of the skull just behind the frontal bone. Together the parietal bones form the bulging sides and roof of the cranium. They are fused at the midline along the sagittal suture adn meet the frontal bone along the coronal suture.

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Term
Occipital Bone
Definition

joins the parietal bones alongthe lambdoidal suture. It forms the back of the skull and the base of the cranium.

 

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Term
Temporal bones
Definition

On each side of the skull joins the parietal bone along a squamosal suture. Forms parts of the sides and the base of the cranium. Located near theinferior margin is an opening. Also have depressions called the mandibular fossae that articulate with condyles of mandible.

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Term
Zygomatic Bones
Definition

Forms the prominences of the cheeks below and to the sides of the eyes. Theses bones also help form the lateral walls and the floors of the orbits. each none has temporal process with extends posteriorly to hoin the zygomatice process of the temporal bone. Together the process forms the zygomatic arch.

 

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Term
Sphenoid Bone
Definition

Is wedged between several other bones in the anterior portion of the cranium. It consists of a central part and two winglike sturcture that extend laterally toward each side of the skull. Helps form the base of the cranium. The sphenoid bone also contains tow spheniodal sinuses.

 

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Term
Vomer Bone
Definition

The thin, flat vomer bone is located along the midline within the nasal cavity. It joins the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and together they form the nasal septum.

 

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Term
Maxilla
Definition

Forms the upper jaw. Protions of these bones comprise the anterior roof of the mouth, the floors of the orbits and the sides and floor of the upper teeth. Lateral to the nasal cavity, are maxillary sinusesm the larges of the sinuses.

 

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Term
Mandible Bone
Definition

Is a horizontal horseshoeshaped body with a flat portion projecting upward at each end The mandibular condyles articulate with the mandibular fossae of the temporal bones whereas the cornoid porcesses provide attachments for muscles used in chewing.

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Term
Nasal Bones
Definition

These bones are long, thin, and nearly rectangualr. They lie side by side and are fused at the midline where they form the bridge of the nose.

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Term
Foramen Magnum
Definition

passes nerve fibers from the brain, which enter the vertebral canal to become part of the spinal cord.

 

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Term
Mastoid Process
Definition
A protruding bony area in the lower part of the skull that is located behind the ear in humans and many other vertebrates and serves as a site of muscle attachment. The mastoid process contains small air-filled cavities called mastoid cells that communicate with the middle ear.
 
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Term
Malleus (hammer)
Definition

Hammer shaped bone that is outermost of all three small bones in the mammalian middle ear

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Term
Incus (Anvil)
Definition

Anvil shaped bone between the malleus and the stapes in the mammalin middle ear.

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Term
Stapes
Definition

The innermost of the three small bones of the middle ear.

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Term
Hyoid Bone
Definition

U shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the muscles of the tongue.

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Term
Cervical Vertebra 7
Definition

Comprise the bony axis of the neck.

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Term
Atlas first vertebrae
Definition

is just under the head

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Term
Axis second vertebrae
Definition

this is the rotate bone of the head and neck.

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Term
Thoracic Vertebrae 12
Definition

This is situated between the cervical  vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae. The thoracic vertebrae are represented by the symbols T1 through T12.

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Term
Lumbar Vertebrae 5
Definition

There are 5 lumbar vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae are situated between the thoracic vertebrae and the sacral vertebrae in the spinal column. The 5 lumbar vertebrae are represented by the symbols L1 through L5.

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Term
Sacrum
Definition

 Known as the holy bone.

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Term
Coccyx
Definition

 small tail-like bone at the bottom of the spine very near to the anus. The coccyx is made up of 3-5 rudimentary vertebrae. It is the lowest part of the spinal column.

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Term
vertebral foramen
Definition
The opening formed by the union of the vertebral arch with its body.
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Term
Transverse Foramen
Definition

the passage in either transverse process of a cervical vertebra that, in the upper six vertebrae, transmits the vertebral vessels.

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Term
Body of vertebra
Definition
the weight-supporting, solid central part of a vertebra. The pedicles of the arch project from its dorsolateral surfaces.
Term
Transverse Process
Definition

process that extends posterolaterally from the junction of the pedicle and lamina on each side and is the site of articulation with the ribs in the thoracic region.

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Term
Spinious Process
Definition

The dorsal projection from the center of a vertebral arch.

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Term
Ribs 24
Definition

any one of the paired bones, 12 on either side, extending from the thoracic vertebrae toward the median line on the ventral aspect of the trunk, forming the major part of the thoracic skeleton.


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Term
True Ribs 7 pairs
Definition
Any of the seven upper pairs of ribs attached to the sternum by costal cartilage.
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Term
False Ribs 3 pairs
Definition

Any of the five pairs of lower ribs that do not articulate directly with the sternum.

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Term
Floating Ribs 2 pairs
Definition
[image]the two lower false ribs on either side, usually without ventral attachment
Term
Sternum
Definition

A long flat bone, articulating with the cartilages of the first seven ribs and with the clavicle, forming the middle part of the anterior wall of the thorax, and consisting of the corpus, manubrium, and xiphoid process.

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Term
Manubrium
Definition
The upper segment of the sternum with which the clavicle and the first two pairs of ribs articulate.
Term
Body of Sternum
Definition
the second or main part of the sternum, bounded by the manubrium above and the xiphoid process below.
Term
Xiphiod Process
Definition

The lower part of the breastbone. The xiphoid process has no particular function and ranges in size from miniscule to several inches in length.

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Term
Costal Cartilage
Definition

 bar of hyaline cartilage that attaches a rib to the sternum in the case of true ribs, or to the rib immediately above in the case of the upper false ribs

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Term
Scapula
Definition

Either of two large, flat, triangular bones forming the back part of the shoulder

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Term
Gleniod Cavity
Definition

a depression in the lateral angle of the scapula for articulation with the humerus.

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Term
Calvicle
Definition

collar bone; a bone, curved like the letter f, that articulates with the sternum and scapula, forming the anterior portion of the shoulder girdle on either side.

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Term
Humerus
Definition

bone that extends from the shoulder to the elbow articulating proximally with the scapula and distally with the radius and ulna.

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Term
Radius
Definition

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the bone on the outer or thumb side of the forearm, articulating proximally with the humerus and ulna and distally with the ulna and carpus.

Term
Ulna
Definition

the inner and larger bone of the forearm.

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Term
Carpals
Definition

Any of the bones of the carpus, including the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones.

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Term
Metacarpals
Definition
Any of the five long bones that form the metacarpus and articulate with the bones of the distal row of the carpus and with the five proximal phalanges.

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Term
Phalanges
Definition

The bones of the fingers and of the toes. There are generally three phalanges (distal, middle, proximal) for each digit except the thumbs and large toes. The singular of phalanges is phalanx.

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Term
Coxal
Definition

pertaining to the hip area.

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Term
llium
Definition

larges and upper most portion of the coxal bone flares outward forming the prominence of the hip.

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Term
Ischium
Definition

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 forms the lowest portion of the coxal bone. L shaped with its angle pointing psteriorly and downward.

Term
Pubis
Definition

Either of a pair of bones forming the two sides of the pelvis.

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Term
Acetabulum Cavity
Definition

This is the sup shpaed cavity on the lateral surface of the hipbone receives  the rounded head of the femur.

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Term
Obturator Foramen
Definition

A portion of the pubis passes posteriorly and downward to join and ischium. Between the boides of these bones on either side is a large opening, which is the largest foramen in the skeleton.

 

Term
Femur
Definition

Longest bone in the body and extends from the hip to the knee.

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Term
Fibula
Definition

Slender bone located on the lateral side of the tibia. The head articulates with tibia just below the lateral condyle.

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Term
Tibia
Definition

Known as the shinebone, is the larger of the two leg bones and is located on the medial side. It articulates with condyles of the femur.

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Term
Patella
Definition

Kneecap which articulates with the femur on its distal anterior surface.

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Term
Tarsals
Definition

Seven tarsal bones forming a group called the tarsus.

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Term
Calcaneus
Definition

The largest of the ankle bones or heel bone, located below the talus, where it projects backward to form the base of the heel. Helps support body weight and provides and atatachment of muscles that move the foot.

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Term
Metatarsals
Definition

 Articulates with the tarsus.

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Term
Phalanges
Definition

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 similar to those of the fingers and align and articulate with the metatarsals.

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