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Bone Flashcards
Bones of the body
31
Anatomy
11th Grade
12/02/2011

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Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition

Consists of bones of the skull, hyoid bone, ribs, sternum and vertebra.

 

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Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition

Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the bones connecting limbs to the skeleton.

 

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Term
Long Bones
Definition

Are longer than they are wide, curved for strength.

Ex) Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Humerus, Ulna, Radius

 

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Term
Short Bones
Definition

Bones that are cube shaped and equal in length and width.

Ex) Carpal and Tarsal Bones

 

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Term
Flat Bones
Definition

Bones that are thin and composed of nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone.

Ex) Cranial Bones, Sternum, Ribs, Scapulae

 

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Term
Irregular Bones
Definition

Bones that have complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any category.

Ex) Vertebrae, Hip Bones, Calcaneus

 

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Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition

Bones that are shaped like sesame seeds, protect tendons from excessive wear and tear.

Ex) Kneecap (Patella)

Term
Sutural Bones
Definition
Small bones located in sutures of cranial bones.
Term
Depressions and Openings (Surface Markings)
Definition
Allow the passage of blood vessels and nerves or form joints.
Term
Processes (Surface Markings)
Definition
Projections or outgrowths that form joints or serve as attachment points for ligaments or tendons.
Term
Sutures
Definition
Immovable joints that hold most of the skull bones together.
Term
Paranasal Sinuses
Definition
Cavities within cranial and facial bones near the nasal cavity. Secretions from mucous membranes line these.
Term
Functions of the Vertebral Column
Definition
Protects spinal cord, support the head, serve as a point of attachment for ribs, pelvic girdle and muscles.
Term
What do spinal curves do?
Definition
Increase overall strength of the spine, permit various movements, and absorb vertical shock.
Term
Girdles
Definition
Attach limbs to the axial skeleton.
Term
Pectoral Girdle
Definition
Consists of two bones: Scapula and Clavicle. Attach the arms to the body.
Term
Pelvic Girdle
Definition

Makes up the hip bones, consists of two bones (The hips)

 

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Term
Ishial Tuberosity
Definition

Most prominent surface feature of the Ischium. The part where your butt touches the seat.

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Term
Pubic Symphasis
Definition

Where the two coxal (hip bones) join together.

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Term
Sacroiliac Joint
Definition
Where the sacrum joins the posterior section of the two coxal (hip) bones. Connects the spine to the pelvic girdle.
Term
Glenoid Cavity
Definition

Shallow cavity between the Acromion and Coracoid Process. Where the head of the Humerus articulates with the Scapula (Part of Pectoral Girdle)

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Term
Acromion
Definition

Superior to the Coracoid Process. Flattened portion of the Spine.

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Term
Coracoid Process
Definition

Process just inferior to the Acromion. On the anterior portion of the Scapula.

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Term
Spine (Scapula)
Definition
Large process on posterior of Scapula.
Term
Acromial End of Clavicle
Definition

Articulates with Acromion of the Scapula (forming the Pelvic Girdle.) Forms the Acromioclavicular Joint.

 

It is the more lateral end.

Term
Sternal End of Clavicle
Definition

Articulates with the Manubrium of the Sternum. Forms the Sternoclavicular Joint.

 

The more medial end of the Clavicle.

Term
Temporal Bones
Definition
Contain the Zygomatic Process and Mandibular Fossa. Houses the internal ear components as well as the Carotid Foramen (for the Carotid Artery.)
Term
Occipital Bone
Definition
Contains the Foramen Magnum, Occipital Condyles and the External Occipital Protuberance. The most posterior and inferior bone of the skull.
Term
Sphenoid Bone
Definition
The "keystone bone" of the skull. Articulates with all other cranial bones as well as containing the sphenoidal sinus.
Term
Parietal Bones
Definition
Form the sides and roof of cranial cavity. Contains many protrusions and depressions that accomodate blood vessels.
Term
Frontal Bone
Definition
The bone of the skull that makes up the forehead.
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