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BMS 116 Module 3
Circulatory/Cardiovascular Syster
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/10/2009

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Term
Pericardium
Definition
fibroserous sac enclosing the heart:
2 parts - fibrous and serous
Term
Fibrous Pericardium
Definition
outer layer of the pericardium; tough fibrous sac surrounding the serous pericardium, the heart, and the pericardial cavity;
the "wall"
Term
Serous Pericardium
Definition
visceral layer; membrane forming a closed cavity; covers the heart

2 parts - parietal layer- lines the surface of the fibrous pericardium; visceral layer - covers the myocardium of the heart ("epicardium")
Term
Pericarditis
Definition
inflammation of the pericardium
Term
Cardiac tamponade
Definition
acute compressions of the heart due to fluid infusion or hemorrhage into the pericardium
Term
Endocardium
Definition
thin mesothelial layer lining the atria and ventricles
Term
Myocardium
Definition
muscular layer making uo the majority of the thickness of the heart wall
Term
Epicardium
Definition
thin layer of mesothelium covering the surface of the heart; visceral layer of the serous pericardium
Term
Layers of the Heart
Definition
3 layers

myocardium
endocardium
epicardium
Term
Heart
Definition
muscular four chambered organ that drives the circulatory system; has input and output channels, veins and arteries
Term
Pulmonary Circulation
Definition
the right side of the heart to the lungs; receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation
Term
Systemic Circulation
Definition
through the left side of the heart to the heart itself to the rest of the body, it delivers oxygenation blood from the lungs
Term
Circulation through the Heart
Definition
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Right ventricle
4. Pulmonary arteries
5. Lungs (alveoli)
6. Pulmonary veins
7. Left atrium
8. Left ventricle
9. Aorta
10. Body
Term
Cranial Vena Cava
Definition
large vein returning blood from the head, neck, and thoracic limbs to the right atrium
Term
Caudal Vena Cava
Definition
large vein returning blood from the thorax, the viscera, and the caudal part of the body to the right atrium
Term
Right Atrium
Definition
chamber of the heart receiving deoxygenated blood from the body
Term
Right Ventricle
Definition
chamber receiving blood from the right atrium and sending it to the lungs
Term
Conus
Definition
funnel shaped end of the right ventricle leading to the pulmonary trunk
Term
Pulmonary Trunk
Definition
large vessel carrying blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
Term
Pulmonary Arteries
Definition
two branches of the pulmonary trunk: carrying blood to the lungs, one to the right lung and one to the left lung
Term
Lungs
Definition
receive deoxygenated blood through the pulmonary arteries; oxygenates the blood and sends it back to the heart through the pulmonary veins
Term
Pulmonary Veins
Definition
vessels emptying oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart
Term
Left Atrium
Definition
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins
Term
Left Ventricle
Definition
sends oxygenated blood to the body and heart
Term
Aorta
Definition
major outflow from the left ventricle into the systemic circulation
Term
Problems with the right side of the heart
Definition
pulmonic circulation - causes blood to back up in the caudal vena cava, filling the abdomen with fluid and into the jugular, resulting in a jugular pulse
Term
Problems with the left side of the heart
Definition
Somatic circulation - causes blood to back up in the lungs; congestion of the lungs
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