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Blood, Heart, Cardiovascular System
exam 2
84
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/13/2010

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Term
A person with blood type A can receive blood of which blood types? Pick the best answer.
Definition
A and O
Term
Which blood antigens are present on the blood from an individual with blood type A?
Definition
A
Term
The red bone marrow is the site of ______________________, where new blood cells are formed.
Definition
hematopoiesis
Term
A person with blood type B can donate blood to a person with which blood type? Pick the best answer.
Definition
B and AB
Term
A low white blood cell count resulting from chemotherapeutics leads to which of the following?
Definition
leukopenia
Term
Which of the following is associated with the circulatory system, but is not a component of the circular system.
Definition
lymphatic vessels
Term
Lance Armstrong has been accused of doping with a hormone that increases his hemocrit. Which of the following is not a benefit of increasing the hemocrit
Definition
stronger immune response
Term
Which of the following drugs would you give to a person with an ischemic stroke.
Definition
 
Term
The plasma constitutes what percentage of the whole blood volume?
Definition
55%
Term
_____________________ is defined as the percentage of the total blood volume that is occupied by the erythrocytes. (I am not looking for a number here)
Definition
Hematocrit
Term
A patient comes into the emergency room with a severe hemorrhage. After typing his blood type is AB, you call for blood to transfuse the patient. Which of the following blood types will NOT work for this patient.
Definition
none of the above
Term
A low white blood cell count resulting from chemotherapeutics leads to which of the following?
Definition
leukopenia
Term
During vascular spasm __________ ___________ in the arterial wall contracts, decreasing the size of the arteries around a laceration, and decreasing blood flow to the area.
Definition
smooth muscle
Term
Which of the following drugs would you not give to a person with an aneurysm
Definition
heparin
Term
The bulk of the formed elemnets in blood are composed of what?
Definition
erythrocytes
Term
A person with blood type O can receive blood from persons with which blood types? Pick the best answer.
Definition
O
Term
Red blood cells carry oxygen...
Definition
attached to hemoglobin
Term
If you think of blood as a connective tissue, each connective tissue has a fiber type associated with it. What fiber type is associated with blood?
Definition
 
Term
The red bone marrow is the site of ______________________, where new blood cells are formed.
Definition
hematopoiesis
Term
What are the two main components of whole blood
Definition
formed elements and plasma
Term
A person with blood type O produces which antibodies or immunoglobulins?
Definition
anti-A and anti-B
Term
Which of the following proteins does not play a role in clot formation?
Definition
plasmin
Term
Why are women more likely to be anemic than men?
Definition
menstruation
Term
What is the role of fibrin in clott formation?
Definition
it forms the mesh network holding the clot together.
Term
Which of the following is not a component of the blood plasma.
Definition
collagen
Term
If you think of blood as a connective tissue, each connective tissue has a fiber type associated with it. What fiber type is associated with blood?
Definition
fibrin
Term
What is the matrix that the blood cells exist in?
Definition
plasma
Term
Lance Armstrong has been accused of doping with a hormone that increases his hemocrit. Which of the following is not a benefit of increasing the hemocrit.
Definition
stronger immune response
Term
The buffy coat is what percentage of the blood volume
Definition
<1%
Term
What is the matrix that the blood cells exist in?
Definition
plasma
Term
Which of the following is a serious danger of EPO doping?
Definition
Increased blood pressure
Term
Which of the following proteins does not play a role in clot formation?
Definition
Plasmin
Term
Which of the following is associated with the circulatory system, but is not a component of the circular system.
Definition
lymphatic vessels
Term
What is the matrix that the blood cells exist in?
Definition
 
Term
____________ occurs when a valve fails to open completely
Definition
Stenosis
Term
The volume of blood ejected per minute from the left ventricle to aorta is know as?
Definition
cardiac output
Term
Sympathetic neurons release what hormone to accelerate the heart rate?
Definition
epinephrine
Term
The muscles that keep the atrioventricular valves from inverting are called the ___________________ muscles
Definition
papillary
Term
The _____________ ____________ of the heart has the thickest myocardium.
Definition
left ventricle
Term
_______________ _______________ is the lubricant within th epericardial cavity that allows the heart to slide within the cavity
Definition
pericardial fluid
Term
____________ is the study of the heart
Definition
cardiology
Term
Which of the following does not effect cardiac output.
Definition
total blood volume
Term
Which of the following is true of the pericardium?
Definition
it surrounds and protects the heart
Term
An small, mobile embolus arising in the veins of the left leg would normal lodge and be dissolved where in the body?
Definition
Lung
Term
Which lies closer to the heart, the fibrous pericardium, or the serous pericardium?
Definition
Serous Pericardium
Term
When the mitral valve fails to close completely, in results in a haert murmur that is a symptom of mitral ___________________.
Definition
Insufficiency
Term
What valve connects the left ventricle to the left atrium?
Definition
mitral
Term
What structure slows the electrical impulse through the conduction system of the heart allowing the ventricles to contract after the artia?
Definition
AV node
Term
Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the conduction system of the heart?
Definition
chordae tendineae
Term
Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?
Definition
Pulmonary Vein
Term
Which part of the conduction system of the heart fires first?
Definition
sinoatrial node
Term
A small blood clot can move from the systemic veins to the systemic arteries, bypassing the lungs by passing through which of the following structures that are the results of impropper development of the adult heart.
Definition
a ventricular septal defect
Term
Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?
Definition
Pulmonary Vein
Term
Another name for the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is ____________
Definition
epicardium
Term
Deoxygenated blood enters the lungs via the left and right pulmonary arteries.
Definition
True
Term
Which of the following characteristics is not used to distinguish skeletal from cardiac muscle?
Definition
striations
Term
What mediacal test is used to determine the electrical changes that accompany the heart beat?
Definition
EKG
Term
Which of the following is the adult remnant of the embryonic connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta?
Definition
ligamentum arteriosum
Term
The volume of blood ejected per minute from the left ventricle to aorta is know as?
Definition
Cardiac output
Term
The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle heard while taking the blood pressure is collectively called _____________.
Definition
Diastole
Term
The cardiovascular center that controls the heart rate is located...
Definition
in the medulla oblongata
Term
Deoxygenated blood leaves for the lungs via the pulmonary vein.
Definition
False
Term
The parasympathetic nervous system slows the heart rate to 75 beat per minute under normal conditions by releasing the what chemical to the pacemake of the heart.(do not abbreviate)
Definition
acetylcholine
Term
What valve connects the right ventricle to the right atrium?
Definition
tricuspid
Term
The valve connecting the right atrium to the right ventricle is know as __________________.
Definition
Ticuspid Valve
Term
The elastic lamina that allows blood vessels to stretch is located in the tunica_____________.
Definition
interna
Term
Blood vessels that allow the exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gasses between the blood and tissues are called...
Definition
capillaries
Term
Which of the following vessels has the slowest blood flow velocity?
Definition
capillaries
Term
If you have a net filtration pressure in a capillary bed of -8mmHg, which direction will fluid flow?
Definition
Term
Will deep rapid breathing increase or decrease the venous return?
Definition
increase
Term
____________ are the blood vessels where gas, nutrient, and waste exchange takes place.
Definition
Capillaries
Term
_____________ arteries are large arteries that stretch when filled with blood, and then recoil, propelling the blood downstream, smoothing blood flow.
Definition
Elastic
Term
Which of the following vessels has the slowest blood flow velocity?
Definition
capillaries
Term
Blood is rerouted to bypass certain capillary beds using these rings of smooth muscle at the arteriole branches
Definition
Precapillary sphincters
Term
Which of the following has the fastest blood flow velocity?
Definition
arteries
Term
The blood vessels with the smallest diameter, but the larges overall area are the...
Definition
capillaries
Term
Blood pressure is monitored by _________________________ in the aorta and carotic arteries.
Definition
baroreceptors
Term
__________ arteries are medium sized arteries that have more smooth muscle and adjust their diameter by vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
Definition
muscular
Term
Hypovolemic shock from the extreme loss of blood will not cause
Definition
increased urinary output
Term
The tissue that allows arteries to stretch is the ...
Definition
elastic lamina
Term
Blood vessels that allow the exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gasses between the blood and tissues are called...
Definition
capillaries
Term
Which of the following capillary types would you find in a very leaky tissue like the bone marrow, where blood cells are entering the circulatory system?
Definition
sinusoidal
Term
Systole is equivalent to...
Definition
the contraction phase of the heart beat
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