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Blood
14
32
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/15/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the typical values for the hematocrite?
Definition

males 42-56%

females  38-46%

Term
What are the the three functions of blood
Definition

Transportaton

Regulation

Proection

Term
What does blood transport?
Definition

RBC - o2 and co2

Plasma  - nutrients, hormones and waste

Term
What does blood regulate?
Definition

Plasma - absorbs heat

Vessels - constrict and dialate to regulate heat

Ph and fluid levels in CV system

Term
How does blood protect?
Definition

WBC - protects from infecton

Plamss - antibodies

Platelets - clots

Term

Plasma

(3)

Definition
  1. mixture of water, protiens and solutes
  2. Serum is plasma with protiens removed
  3. Water makes up about 92% of plasma volume
Term
What are the plasma protiens?
Definition
  1. Albumin
  2. Globulin
  3. Fibrinogen
  4. Regulatory Protiens
Term
What does Albumin do?
Definition

Establlishes osmotic pressure

Transports ions, hormones and some lipids

 

Term
What does globulin do?
Definition

Binds supports and protect water -insoluable hormones and ions

 

Carries antibodies

Term
What does Fibrinogen do?
Definition
Blood clot formation
Term
What do regulatory protiens do?
Definition
Consists of enzymes, proenzymes and hormones
Term
Erthrocytes (3)
Definition
  1. Not a true cell
  2. Biconcave discs - allow gases to be loaded and unloaded effieiently
  3. Filler with hemoglobin-Iron which transports O2 and CO2
  4. Recycled by liver and spleet
  5. lives for 120 days
  6. One RBC can hold a billion molecules of O2
Term
What is Roulieaux
Definition
When RBC's for stacks in small places
Term
What type of Antibodies does a person with type A blood have?
Definition
Anti B Antibodies
Term
What type of Antibodies does a person with type B blood have
Definition
Anti A Antibodies
Term
What type of Antibodies does a person with AB Have?
Definition
No antibodies, b/c both types would destroy the cell
Term
What type of Antibodies does a person with O type blood have?
Definition

Both Anti A and Anti B - because they have no antigens on their cells

Term
Leukocytes (6)
Definition
  1. True cells - larger than RBC
  2. Function outside the blood stream in immune response, defense a/g pathogens
  3. Leave the blood stream by diapedesis
  4. Travel in ameboid fashion
  5. Attracted to the site by chemotaxis
  6. Normal count is 5,000 to 10,000 ml of blood
Term
Diapedesis
Definition
WBC slips b/ t epitheial cells of capillaries
Term

Chemotaxis

 

Definition
Chemical message sent from damaged cells that attracts WBC
Term
Leukocytosis
Definition
Above normal amout of WBC
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
A below normal amount of WBC
Term
What are the two types of Leukocytes?
Definition
Granulocytes and Agranulocytes
Term
Name the Granulocytes
Definition
  1. Neutrophils - phagocytize by secreting lysozyme - most common
  2. Eosinophils - Allergies and parasites
  3. Basophils - Histamine - allergy symptoms Heprin - inhibits clotting
Term
Name the Agranulocytes
Definition
  1. Lymphocytes - reside in lymph tissu - produce lymphocytes - second most common
  2. Monocytes - phagosytize bacteria, cell fragments dead cells and debris
Term
Platelets (4)
Definition
  1. Cell fragments of megakaryocytes
  2. Membrane enclosed cytoplasm
  3. fibrin from fibrinogen plus platelets makes clots
  4. live 5-7 days
  5. No nucleus - not a true cell
Term

Hemopoiesis

 

Definition
  1. also called Hematopoiesis
  2. production of formed elements
  3. occures in the red bone marrow of bones
  4. All blood cells arise from common stem cell
  5. RBC formation - erthropoiesis
Term
Stages of a RBC
Definition
  1. Progenitor cell
  2. Proerthroblast
  3. Early Erythroblast
  4. Late Erythroblast
  5. Normoblast
  6. Reticulocyte
  7. Erythrocyte
Term
What is the stem cells that erthrocytes, platelets, granulocytes and monocytes come from?
Definition
Myeloid stem cell
Term
What stem cell does lymphocytes come from?
Definition
Lymphoid stem cell
Term

What is the different b/t a normoblast and a reticulocyte?

Definition
Normoblast has a nucleus
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