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Blood
Chapter 14
29
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/08/2012

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Term
Functions of blood?
Definition
transports vital substances, maintains stability of interstitial fluid and distributes heat
Term
What is another name for erythrocytes?
Definition
Red blood cells
Term
what color is oxyhemoglobin and what color is deoxyhemoglobin?
Definition
oxy-bright red
deoxy-dark blood
Term
what does the red blood cell count reflect?
Definition
the bloods oxygen carrying capacity
Term
What is the normal RBC count in males, females, and children?
Definition
4,600,000-6,200,00 males
4,200,000-5,400,000 females
4,500,000-5,100,000 children
Term
How are RBC created?
Definition
Low blood oxygen causes kidneys and liver to release erythropoietin which stimulates RBC production
Term
What is the life cycle of RBCs?
Definition
120 days. Macrophages eat the worn out RBCs
Term
What are the 6 types of anemia?
Definition
Aplastic, hemolytic, sickle cell, iron defciency, pernicious, thalassemia
Term
What is a leukocyte?
Definition
white blood cell
Term
What do WBCs do?
Definition
fight against disease
Term
What do interleukins and colony-stimulating factors do?
Definition
Interleukins(#) and colony-stimulating factors(population) stimulate development of white blood cells
Term
What are the types of granulocytes?
Definition
Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Term
What are the types of agranulocytes?
Definition
Lymphocytes and monocytes
Term
Neutrophils
Definition
lobed nucleus, first to arrive at infection, phagocytic, 54-62% of leukocytes, elevated in bacterial infection
Term
Basophils
Definition
release histamine and heporin
less than 1% of leukocytes,
Term
Eosinphils
Definition
bilobed nucleus
moderate allergic reaction
defends against worm infestations
1-3% of leukocytes
Term
Monocytes
Definition
2-3X larger than RBC
largest blood cell
kidney shaped nucleus
3-9% of leukocytes
elevated in typhoid fever, malaria, tuberculosis
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
large spherical nuclei
thin rims of cytoplasm
produce anitbodies
25-33%
decreased Tcells in AIDS
Term
What is Diapadesis?
Definition
When leukocytes squeeze through capillary walls to enter tissue space outside the blood vessel (WBC leaves circulation to help fight infection or injury)
Term
What is the white blood cell count?
Definition
# of WBC per cubic millimeter of blood
Term
What is leukopenia and leukocytosis?
Definition
penia-low WBC count
cytosis-high WBC count
Term
What do blood platelets do?
Definition
helps control blood loss
Term
Facts about platelets
Definition
live 10 days
130,000-360,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
1.sticks to surface
2.releases seratonin
3.contracts SM
4.decreases blood flow
Term
What is blood plasma?
Definition
liquid portion of blood (55% of blood) that transports nutrients, gases, and vitamins. Helps regulate fluid and electrocyte balance and pH
Term
What are the 3 main plasma proteins?
Definition
Albumins (60%)
Fibrinogen (4%)
Alpha and Beta Globulins (36%)
Term
What are facts about Albumins
Definition
smallest
originated in liver
maintains osmotic pressure of blood
Term
Facts about fibrinogen
Definition
originates in liver
blood coagulation
largest
Term
Aplpha and Beta Globulins
Definition
originates in lymphatic tissues
constitile the antibodies of immunity
Term
What is hemostasis?
Definition
Stoppage of bleeding.
1.Blood vessel spasm
2.Platelet plug formation
3.Blood coagulation
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