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Blood
Definitions and facts about blood
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/08/2012

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Term
Hematocrit
Definition
Volume percent of blood cells in whole blood. RBCs
Term
Blood Volumes
Definition
Plasma:2.6L
Formed Elements:2.4L
Whole Blood:5.0L
Term
Whole Blood
Definition
Plasma + Formed Elements
Term
% Plasma
Definition
55%, Liquid(extracellular) part of blood.
Term
% Formed Elements
Definition
45%, Platelets, Leukocytes, Erythrocytes.
Term
Plasma Breakdown
Definition
7% Proteins, 91% Water, 2% Other Solutes.
Term
Plasma Proteins
Definition
Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen & Prothrombin.
Term
Blood Ph
Definition
Between 7.35 & 7.45
Term
Type A Blood
Definition
Type A antigens, Anti-B antibodies.
Term
Type B Blood
Definition
Type B antigens, Anti-A antibodies.
Term
Type AB Blood
Definition
Type A & B antigens, no antibodies. Universal recipient.
Term
Type O Blood
Definition
No antigens, Anti-A & Anti-B antibodies. Universal donor.
Term
Rh Factor
Definition
Rh+; RBCs contain Rh factor antigen. First found in Rhesus monkeys.
Term
Red Blood Cells
Definition
RBCs. Erythrocytes. No nucleus or cytoplasmic organelles. 120 day life span. 4.2-6.2 million.
Term
White Blood Cells
Definition
WBCs. Leukocytes. 5,000-10,000.
Term
Serum
Definition
Blood plasma minus its clotting factors.
Term
Basophils
Definition
Granular Leukocyte. Increased during allergic reaction.
Term
Eosinophils
Definition
Granular Leukocyte. Increased during allergic reaction(along with Basophil) and parasites.
Term
Neutrophils
Definition
Granular Leukocyte. Increased during bacterial infection.
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
Non-granular Leukocyte. Increased in viral infections. B;made in bone marrow, T;made in thymus.
Term
Monocytes
Definition
Non-granular Leukocyte. Increase during viral or fungal infections.
Term
Platelets
Definition
Thrombocytes. 140,000-340,000. Clotting
plugs holes.
Term
Polycythemia
Definition
Too many formed elements(RBCs). Thick/viscous blood.
Term
Anemia
Definition
Not enough RBCs or hemoglobin.
Term
Hemorrhagic Anemia
Definition
Blood loss, acute; surgery or trauma, chronic; ulcers or cancer.
Term
Aplastic Anemia
Definition
Bone marrow loss; toxic chemicals or irradiation.
Term
Pernicious Anemia
Definition
B12 deficiency.
Term
Folate Deficiency Anemia
Definition
B9(Folate) deficiency.
Term
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Definition
Iron deficiency.
Term
Hemolytic Anemia
Definition
RBC destruction/short life span.
Term
Sckle Cell Anemia
Definition
Genetic disease,abnormal shape,type of Hemolytic Anemia.
Term
Multiple Myeloma
Definition
"Bone eating" cancer of B lymphocytes (Plasma cells)-deadly bone marrow dysfunction.
Term
Leukemia
Definition
WBCs are made but don't mature correctly.
Term
Leukocytosis
Definition
Elevated WBC levels.
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
Decreased WBC levels.
Term
Complete Blood cell Count
Definition
CBC: RBC,WBC,Thrombocyte count, Differential WBC,hematocrit,hemoglobin count, etc.
Term
CLL
Definition
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, age 65.
Term
ALL
Definition
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia, age 3-7.
Term
CML
Definition
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, age 25-60.
Term
AML
Definition
Acute Myeloid Leukemia, 80% adults,20% children.
Term
Mononucleosis
Definition
"Mono","Kissing Disease", noncancerous
virus in saliva, age 15-25, lasts 4-6 weeks then goes away on its own.
Term
Thrombus
Definition
Clotting disorder; stationary blood clot.
Term
Embolus
Definition
Clotting disorder; circulating blood clot, breaks away from thrombus.
Term
Blood Clotting
Definition
1.Injury 2.Clotting Factors 3."Sticky" Platelets-more clotting factors 4.Form Prothrombin Activator 5.Mix w/Calcium (in blood) and Prothrombin(in blood) 6.Forms Thrombin 7.Mix w/Fibrinogen (in blood) 8.Makes Fibrin 9. Fibrin mesh makes blood clot.
Term
O2 Transport
Definition
Dissolved in plasma; 1.5%
Hemoglobin(Hb); 98.5%
Term
CO2 Transport
Definition
Dissolved in plasma; 7%
Hemoglobin(Hb); 23%
Bicarbonate(HCO3-); 70%
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