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Blood
N/A
40
Anatomy
Graduate
12/10/2009

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Term
Define hematology
Definition
The study of blood, blood-forming tissues, and the disorders that affect them.
Term
What percent of blood is made of liquid plasma and solid cells?
Definition
55% liquid plasma
45% solid material
Term
What three types of cells compose blood cells?
Definition
Red Blood Cells, White blood cells, and platelets
Term
Whats another name for a red blood cell?
Definition
Erythrocyte
Term
What do RBC have that help oxygen bind to it easily to transportit?
Definition
hemoglobin
Term
Mature red blood cells have a nuclei, True or False?
Definition
False
Term
When a red blood cell is worn out, what three things arise from the recycling of the RBC?
Definition
Kuffler cells of the liver and the spleen recycle RBC 1. Hemoglobin is broken into heme and globin 2. Iron in Hb is recycled 3. Heme is eventually broken down into bile
Term
Where are RBC's created in a fetus?
Definition
in the yolk sac, liver, and spleen
Term
Where are RBC's created in adults?
Definition
red bone marrow?
Term
Whats another name for RBC production?
Definition
Erythropoiesis
Term
What hormone stimulates Erythropoiesis and what organ releases it?
Definition
Erythropoietin is released from the liver and targets red bone marrow to begin Erythorpoiesis
Term
What's another name for a White Blood Cell (WBC)?
Definition
Leukocyte
Term
What is the most abundant type of WBC?
Definition
Neutrophil, 60-70% of all WBC's
Term
What's the function of Neutrophils?
Definition
Phagocytosis of foreign particles
Term
What is the first WBC to be released upon a foreign object or injury?
Definition
Neutrophil
Term
What's the function of Eosinophils?
Definition
Allergic Reactions, Kills parasites, specifically parasitic infections like tapeworm and hookworm. Releases histamine during allergic reactions.
Term
What two things occurs when histamine is released?
Definition
1.Vascular permeability increases and 2.basal dialation
Term
What two things are released from basophils?
Definition
1. Herapin, inhibits blood clotting 2. Histamine which increases blood flow to injured tissue
Term
Neutrophils, Eosinphils, and Basophils are all classified as what type of WBC?
Definition
Granulocyte
Term
What are the four characteristics of Inflamation?
Definition
1.Rubor (sign of redness) 2. Tumor (swelling) 3.Calor (heat) 4. Dolor (pain)
Term
Describe a monocyte?
Definition
is the largest wbc, actually goes into tissue when infection is sensed (ie typhhoid, malaria, and mononucleosis) is a macrophage when in tissue
Term
Describe Lymphocyte?
Definition
can live for months to years, produce antibodies that act against specific foreign substances, (immunity)
Term
What are the conditions for having more WBC than normal?
Definition
have over 10,000 WBC's/mm cubed of blood, known as leukocytosis
Term
What the name for having a lower than normal amount of WBC?
Definition
leukopenia, less than 5,000 WBC per cubic mm of blood.
Term
define diapedesis
Definition
process by which leukocytes move through the blood vessels and into the tissue
Term
Define Leukemia
Definition
Abnormal (uncrontrolled production of specific types of immature leukocytes
Term
What's another name for a platelet
Definition
Thromobcyte
Term
What is the name of the large primitive cell by which all blood cells are formed from?
Definition
Haemocytoblast (Pluripotent stem)
Term
What is the normal count of platelets in blood?
Definition
about 150,000 to 400,000 platelets per cubic mm of blood
Term
What is the function of the plasma protein albumin?
Definition
maintains osmotic pressure of cells and transports fatty acids.
Term
What isthe function of the plasma proteins called globulins?
Definition
they have antibodies that are defense proteins produced during certain immune responses.
Term
What is the the function of the plasma protein Fibrinogen?
Definition
key rpotein in the formation of blood clotting.
Term
Name the name Plasma nutrients in the blood plasma
Definition
Amino acids, monosacharides (glucose), and lipoproteins.
Term
name four wastes of blood plasma.
Definition
1.urea (amino acid metabolism) 2.uric acid (nucleotide metabolism) 3.creatinine (creatine metabolism) 4.creatine (CP to recycle ADP to ATP in muscle and brain) 5.bilirubin (hemoglobin metabolism)
Term
name the three gases that are in blood plasma
Definition
oxygen, carbon dioxide (produced by cellular respiration), nitrogen (use unknown)
Term
What does blood coagulation mean?
Definition
the formation of a blood clot
Term
What is the Fibrinolytic system?
Definition
system that has checks and balances in the formation of blod clots
Term
What is Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA)?
Definition
naturally produced substance that has the ability to dissolve a coronary thrombus
Term
What is the functoin of Heparin?
Definition
it is an anticoagulant, it is naturally produced by basophils and mast cells.
Term
What is Wafarin?
Definition
aka Coumadin is another anticoagulant, given to patients prone to thrombosis, slower acitng that heparin
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