Term
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Definition
| endothelial cells (simple squamous epithelium) Injury => inflammatory response (blood clotting) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Smooth muscle and elastin |
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Term
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Definition
| (adventitia) connective tissue, collagen, and elastin |
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Term
| Do arteries or veins have thicker walls? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Do arteries or veins collapse? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Do arteries or veins have a thicker tunica externa? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Do arteries or veins have a thicker tunica media |
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Definition
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Term
| What layers make up the capillaries? |
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Definition
| tunica interna only (endothelial layer), NO media or externa |
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Term
| What 3 things is movement of material across the capillary wall due to? |
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Definition
1.Diffusion: conc. gradients
2.Filtration: hydrostatic press.
3.Reabsorption: osmosis |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of capillaries? |
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Definition
1.Specialized Continuous
2.Continuous
3.Fenstrated
4.Sinusoids |
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Term
| Describe a continuous capillary. Where are they found? |
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Definition
complete endothelial lining, premits movement of H2O, small solutes, & lipid-soluble material. Prevents loss of blood cells & plasma
Found: most regions of body |
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Term
| Describe Fenstrated Capillaries. Where are they found? |
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Definition
Has pores; exchange of H2O & solutes as large as small peptides (# of pores & permeability vary)
Found: choroid plexus, endocrine glands, GI tract, filtration slits in Kidneys |
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Term
| Describe Sinusoids. Where are they found? |
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Definition
gaps between adjacent endothelial cells, thin or absent basement membrane. Exchange of H2O and solutes as large as plasma proteins.
Found: liver, bone marrow, ant. pituitary gland, & adrenal gland |
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Term
| List the different structures found in a capillary bed |
|
Definition
-precapillary sphincter:band of smooth m. (controls enterance to capillaries)
-metarterioles: smooth m.
-throughfare channel: preferred
-arteriovenous anastomoses: arteriole to venule w/out passing through capillaries |
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Term
| How ofter do the precapillary sphincters cycle through periods of contraction/ relaxation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which vessel is the most important factor for vasoconstriction/ vasodilation? |
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Definition
| Arterioles (resistance vessels) |
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Term
| Oxygen is in the capillaries during: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Oxygen in absent from the capillaries during: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What percent of the vessels within a capillary bed does blood flow through at rest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes compression of veins? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Varicose veins are a result of: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the process of inhalation |
|
Definition
| inhale => thoracic cav. expands => press. goes down => pulls air into lungs & blood into vena cava (vol. inc. = press. dec.) |
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Term
| Describe the process of exhalation |
|
Definition
| thoracic cavity gets smaller => press. increases => air goes out and blood goes into R. atrium |
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Term
| What are the 3 determining factors of resistance in Poiseuille's formula? |
|
Definition
Viscosity of blood
Lumen's radius (most important)
Length of the tube |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 factors that determine blood flow? |
|
Definition
Vessel length (proport. to resist.)
Vessel diam.
viscosity
Turbulence (bifurcations) |
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|
Term
| Flow is directly proportional to: |
|
Definition
| pressure gradient. Hydrostatic pressure pushes on walls in all directions |
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Term
|
Definition
| peak pressure during contraction of the ventricles |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| minimum pressure in the ventricles while resting |
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Term
|
Definition
systolic > 120mmHg
Diastolic > 80mmHg |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Diastolic + (Pulse press./3) |
|
|
Term
| What are the Kidneys role in blood pressure regulation? |
|
Definition
| Renin => angiotensin: Increase PR => increase blood vol. (aldosterone) |
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|
Term
| Which vein is commonly used to take blood? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the umbilical vein? |
|
Definition
| Carries Oxygenated blood to babys heart |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the umbilical arteries? |
|
Definition
| Carry deoxygenated blood from the internal iliacs |
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|
Term
| A shortcut in the fetus from the R. atruim to the L. atrium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A shortcut from the pulmonic trunk to the aorta |
|
Definition
| Ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum) |
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