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Blood Types
Blood Types and Testing
19
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/28/2013

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Cards

Term
Blood types and transfusion compatibility are based on the interactions between these two things
Definition
Plasma proteins
Erythrocytes
Term
The two types of large molecules that interact to determine blood tpye
Definition
Antigens
Antibodies
Term
Antigens
Definition
On the surface of the cell - allow the body to distinguish itself from foreign matter
Term
Antibodies
Definition
Proteins that bind to antigens and mark them, or cells bearing them, for destruction
Term
Agglutination
Definition
The clumping of particles - eg when two antibody molecule binds two or more antigen molecules
Term
The purpose of an antigen-antibody complex - formed through agglutination
Definition
To immobilise antigens until immune cells arrive
Term
Antigens that determine blood types
Definition
Agglutinogens
Term
Antibodies that determine blood types
Definition
Agglutinins
Term
Where agglutinogens are found
Definition
On the surface of RBCs
Term
Where agglutinins are found
Definition
In blood plasma
Term
The number of molecule binding sites to attach to either A or B antigen
Definition
10
Term
The most common blood type
Definition
O
Term
The most rare blood type
Definition
AB
Term
This blood type is called the "universal recipient" - wont agglutinate donor RBCs of any ABO blood type
Definition
AB - lacks both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
Term
This blood type os called the "universal donor"
Definition
O
Term
A person is Rh-positive if they have this type of antigen
Definition
D antigen
Term
A person is Rh-negative if they lack this type of antigen
Definition
D antigen
Term
Why anti-D antibodies are not normally present in the blood
Definition
They only form in Rh- people exposed to Rh+ blood
Term
Is there a little or high risk if an Rh- person receives Rh+ donor blood
Definition
Little - anti-D does not appear instantaneously - but could make a problem is exposed to Rh+ blood again later
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