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blood pressure/blood typing
n/a
82
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
04/02/2012

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Term
blood typing is determined by
Definition
the presence of an antigen on the erythrocyte cell membrane
Term
antigens are responsible for
Definition
stimulating the antibody response
Term
antibodies are found in the
Definition
plasma
Term
when do antibodies accumulate?
Definition
shortly after birth
Term
antibodies function to
Definition
destroy foreign antigens or anything that it sees as a threat
Term
agglutination
Definition
clumping of erythrocytes
Term
what do you call an agglutination of antigens?
Definition
agglutinogens
Term
antibodies that cause agglutination is called
Definition
agglutinins
Term
most common blood type in the U.S.
Definition
O - 45%
Term
Rh factor is
Definition
another antigen on the erythrocyte
Term
Rh+ has how many antigens?
Definition
6 additional antigens
Term
someone who i s Rh- has
Definition
no additional antigens
Term
Rh- people become sensitized when
Definition
exposed to Rh+ blood through one of 2 ways
Term
2 ways Rh- can become sensitized
Definition
1. through a transfusion
2. an Rh- female carrying a fetus that is Rh+
Term
Rhogam
Definition
injection of a temporary antibody given to mother carrying the fetus.
Term
AB can receive blood from
Definition
everyone because they have no antibodies
Term
O can give blood to
Definition
everyone because they have no antigens
Term
lub
Definition
1st sound
when cuspids (AV valves) close at beginning of ventricular systole
Term
dub
Definition
2nd sound
when semilunar valves close at end of systole
Term
atria contracts
Definition
cuspids open, semilunars close
Term
ventricles contract
Definition
cuspids close, semilunars open
Term
heart relaxes
Definition
all valves close
Term
systole
Definition
period of contraction 0.4 seconds
Term
diastole
Definition
period of relaxation, heart fills with blood
Term
heartbeat
Definition
systole plus diastole
Term
heart rate
Definition
number of beats per minute
Term
pulse
Definition
alternating surges of pressure (expansion and recoil) in an artery that occur with each contraction and relaxation of the L ventricle
Term
temporal pulse
Definition
front of the ear on temple
Term
facial pulse
Definition
front of masseter/ear
Term
common carotid pulse
Definition
below jaw
Term
brachial pulse
Definition
bend of elbow
Term
radial pulse
Definition
wrist
Term
femoral pulse
Definition
groin
Term
popliteal pulse
Definition
behind knee
Term
posterior tibial pulse
Definition
above medial malleolus
Term
dorsalis pedis pulse
Definition
top of foot
Term
blood pressue is the measure of
Definition
systolic/diastolic rate
Term
systolis measure is the
Definition
force of ventricular contraction
Term
systolic must overcome
Definition
arterial resistance to blood flow
Term
diastolic measure is
Definition
arterial resistance to blood flow
Term
hypertensive bp is
Definition
130/90
Term
whast 2 instruments measure bp?
Definition
sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
Term
blood is divided into...
Definition
plasma and formed elements
Term
plasma is the
Definition
fluid portion or matrix of the blood
Term
formed elements are
Definition
cells
Term
plasma is ... 3 and %'s
Definition
90% water
8% proteins
2% true solutes
Term
what is the most numerous of all cells
Definition
erythrocytes
Term
where are rbc's formed
Definition
myeloid tissue
Term
lifespan of rbc's
Definition
3-4 months
Term
3 characteristics of rbc's
Definition
anucleated
biconcave
elastic
Term
major component of rbc's
Definition
hemoglobin
Term
hemoglobin =
Definition
protein that carries oxygen
Term
leukocytes can be either
Definition
agranular or granular
Term
agranular wbc's are formed in ____ and have a ____ nucleus
Definition
myeloid tissue, rounded
Term
2 types of agranular leukocytes
Definition
lymphocytes and monocytes
Term
what is the smallest leukocyte?
Definition
lymphocyte
Term
lymphocytes are the ____ lived
Definition
longest lived
Term
lymphocytes function in
Definition
immunity
Term
lymphocytes proliferate in
Definition
lymphoid tissue
Term
t-cells play a role in
Definition
destroying grafts, tumors, and virus-infected cells
Term
b-cells play a role in
Definition
overseeing the production of antibodies that are released into the blood
Term
what is the largest leukocyte?
Definition
monocyte
Term
monocytes are ____ lived
Definition
short
Term
monocytes function in
Definition
phagocytosis and chronic infections
Term
monocytes develop into
Definition
macrophages
Term
granular leukocytes have ______ ______ in ______
Definition
enzymatic granules in cytoplasm
Term
granylar leukocytes are formed in
Definition
myeloid tissue
Term
granular leukocytes have a ___ nucleus
Definition
lobed
Term
3 types of granular leukocytes
Definition
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
Term
what is the most common leukocyte?
Definition
neutrophils
Term
neutrophils are ____ lived
Definition
short
Term
neutrophils function in
Definition
phagocytosis
Term
neutrophils respond to
Definition
acute infections
Term
eosinphils function in
Definition
parasitic worm destruction, lessening allergic response, and destroying antigen-antibody complex
Term
granules are elaborate
Definition
lysosomes
Term
basophils function to
Definition
release histamine to mediate allergic response and produce heparin to anti-coagulate
Term
thrombocytes are
Definition
platelets
Term
thrombocytes are formed in
Definition
myeloid tissue
Term
thrombocytes are ___ _____ of large ______ cells.
Definition
cell fragments; multinucleated
Term
thrombocytes are ____ lived
Definition
short
Term
thrombocytes function in
Definition
blood clotting and sealing small tears in blood vessels
Term
where is myeloid tissue found?
Definition
in red bone marrow in large/flat bones
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