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Blood and Nervous Supply to the Abdomen
Innervation and blood supply of abdomen
45
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
03/19/2014

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Cards

Term
What is the fate of the aorta as it descends into the abdominopelvic cavity?
Definition
Gives off a bunch of branches before bifurcating into the common iliac arteries
Term
What level does the aorta bifurcate?
Definition
L4/5
Term
List the 3 sets of branches that the aorta has
Definition
1. 5 pairs of arteries to the abdominal wall
2. 3 pairs to the paired glands
3. Three arteries to supply the GI tract
Term
List the 3 pairs of arteries that go to the abdominal glands
Definition
1. Renal arteries
2. Suprarenal arteries
3. Gonadal arteries
Term
Where do the suprarenal arteries leave the aorta?
Definition
Just superior to the renal arteries
Term
Where do the gonadal arteries leave the aorta?
Definition
Just inferior to the renal arteries
Term
What is the foregut made up of?
Definition
GI tract until the proximal 1/3 duodenum, plus liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen
Term
What vessel supplies the foregut? What is the fate of this vessel as soon as it leaves the aorta?
Definition
Celiac trunk; splits into 3 branches
Term
What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk? Which branch is the smallest?
Definition
1. Left gastric artery (smallest)
2. Common hepatic artery
3. Splenic artery
Term
Describe the fate of the left gastric artery?
Definition
Travels up the esophagus, also follows the lesser curvature of the somach
Term
Describe the fate of the common hepatic artery
Definition
Runs upwarrds and to the right to divide just before the porta hepatis
Term
What vessels does the common hepatic divide into?
Definition
Left and right hepatic
Term
List the 2 branches of the common hepatic artery
Definition
1. Right gastric artery
2. Gastroduodenal artery
Term
What is the fate of the right gastric?
Definition
Follows the lesser curvature to meet with the left gastric
Term
What is the fate of the gastroduodenal?
Definition
Has several small branches to the duodenum
Term
What is the right gastroepiploic artery?
Definition
The terminal branch of the gastroduodenal artery that supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
Term
What is the fate of the splenic artery?
Definition
Runs to the spleen, giving off branches to the pancreas and the stomach
Term
Which vessel does the splenic artery give rise to, right before its termination?
Definition
The left gastroepiploic artery
Term
Which artery is the artery of the midgut?
Definition
The superior mesenteric artery
Term
Describe the fate of the superior mesenteric
Definition
Originates below the celiac trunk, and curves right to give off 5 major branches
Term
List the 5 major branches
Definition
1. Ileum branch
2. Jejunum branch
3. Right colic artery
4. Midcolic artery
5. Ileocolic artery
Term
What is a prominent feature of the vessels branching to the ileum/jejunum?
Definition
Arcades
Term
What does the right colic artery supply?
Definition
Ascending colon
Term
What does the midcolic artery supply?
Definition
Transverse colon
Term
What does the ileocolic artery supply?
Definition
Supplies the end of the ileum, the cecum, the appendix
Term
What vessel supplies the hindgut? What structures are supplied?
Definition
The inferior mesenteric artery; distal transverse colon, descending and sigmoid colons, and the rectum
Term
(T/F) The inferior mesenteric branches from the aorta 4cm above where the vessel bifurcates
Definition
True
Term
What are the two branches of the inferior mesenteric?
Definition
1. Left colic
2. Superior rectal
Term
Other than the segmented arteries, what blood vessels supply the abdomen (especially the rectus abdominus)?
Definition
1. Superior epigastric
2. Inferior epigastric
Term
What vessel does the superior epigastric branch off of?
Definition
Branches off of the internal thoracic
Term
What vessel does the inferior epigastric branch off of?
Definition
External iliac
Term
What is the main vessel responsible for drainage of the abdomen?
Definition
The IVC
Term
What forms this vessel?
Definition
The fusion of the two common iliac veins at the level of L4/5
Term
What paired vessels further contribute to the IVC?
Definition

1. Hepatic veins

2. Renal veins

3. Suprarenal veins

4. Gonadal veins

5. Abdominal wall

Term
(T/F) The veins from the GI tract do the same thing
Definition
False
Term
Describe the fate of venous drainage of the GI?
Definition
Blood goes from the GI to the portal vein, which then goes to the liver
Term
It already has been shown that the left renal vein is longer than the right, but what is the consequence of this?
Definition
That it recieves the left suprarenal and the left gonadal veins before it fuses with the IVC
Term
What 3 vessels make up the portal vein?
Definition
1. Splenic vein 2. Superior mesenteric vein 3. Inferior mesenteric vein
Term
(T/F) The superior mesenteric vein usually has the inferior as its tributary
Definition
True
Term
How does the poral vein enter the liver?
Definition
Via the porta hepatis
Term
Describe the structures present in the posterior abdominal wall
Definition
- Medially: T12-L5
- Laterally: two sets of muscles
- Nerve plexi between the muscles
Term
What are the two sets of muscles present?
Definition
1. Psoas
2. Quadratus Lumborum
Term
Which is more medial?
Definition
Psoas
Term
Describe the origin, insertion of the psoas
Definition
O: Lumbar vertebral bodies; more superior fibers from underside of medial arcuate ligament
I: Femur
Term
Describe the origin, insertion, function of the quadratus
Definition
O: Transverse processes of T12-L5; lateral arcuate ligament
I: Iliac crest
F: to fill the space between rib 12 and the iliac crest, stabilizing the back
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