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Biosystems
Muscular System
29
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/14/2011

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Term
muscle functions
Definition
-movement
-posture
-heat
-stabilize joints
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
-striated
-multinucleate
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
-striated
-uni or bi nucleate
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
-not striated
-uninucleate
Term
excitabilty
Definition
-ability to receive and respond to stimuli
Term
contractility
Definition
ability to shorten when stimulated
Term
extensibility
Definition
ability to be stretched
Term
elasticity
Definition
ability to recoil to resting length
Term
skeletal muscle contains
Definition
-muscle fibers
-CT
-blood vessels
-lymph vessels
-nerve fibers
Term
epimysium
Definition
surrounds entire muscle/organ
Term
perimysium
Definition
-surrounds bundles of muscles cells (fascicles)
Term
endomysium
Definition
surrounds individual muscle cells (fibers)
Term
tendons
Definition
attach muscle to bone
Term
muscle fiber (cell)
Definition
-cylindrical cell 30 cm long
-multinucleated
-many mitochondria
Term
myofibril
Definition
-densely packed rod-like elements
Term
motor unit
Definition
single motor neuron and all muscle fibers it stimulates
Term
neuromuscular junction
Definition
-ACh is released
-binds to receptors on Motor End Plate
-stimulates contraction via Ca that activates A and M
Term
origin
Definition
-attachment of a muscle to an immovable or less movable bone
Term
insertion
Definition
attachment of a muscle to a movable bone
Term
masseter
Definition
-chewer
-o-zygomatic bone
-i-mandible
-prime mover of jaw muscle
Term
rectus abdominus
Definition
-"straight abdomen"
-o-pubis
-i-xiphoid process/costal cartilage (5-7)
-flex/rotate lumbar region
Term
deltoid
Definition
-"triangular"
-o-clavicle/scapula
-i-humerus
-prime mover of arm abduction
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
-"chest larger"
-o-clavicle,sternum,cartilage ribs 1-6
-i-humerous
-prime mover of arm flexion
Term
latissiumus dorsi
Definition
-"widest back"
-o-thoracic/lumbar vertabrae/lower ribs/ilium
-i-humerus
-prime mover of arm extension
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
-"two heads arm" -o-scapula/humerus -i-radius -flex elbow
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
-"three heads arm"
-o-scapula/humerus/humerus
-ulna
-forearm extension
Term
adductor magnus
Definition
-"move to midline large"
-o-ischium/pubis
-i-femur
-adducts and medially rotates thigh
Term
rectus femoris
Definition
-"straight femur"
-o-illium
-i-patella/tibia
-extends knee/flexes hip
-part of quads
Term
biceps femoris
Definition
-"two heads femur"
-o-ischium/femur
-i-tibia/fibula
-extends hip/flexes knee
-part of hamstring
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