Term
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Definition
| Non contractile structures such as ligaments, cartilage, and tissue which hold a joint in place |
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Term
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Definition
| Contractile stabilizers such as muscle which hold joint in place and protects the static stabilizers |
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Term
| Functions of Skeletal System |
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Definition
| Support, attachment site, protection, storage of Ca, create Blood cells, |
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Definition
| Hard bone making up outer layer |
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Definition
| Outer membrane of bone consisting of inner osteogenic side and outer fibrous side |
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Definition
| Found on the end of bones between joints |
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Definition
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Definition
| Ampharthrosis and Cartilagenous |
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Definition
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Definition
| Culmination/extensions of muscle membranes: Inner endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium |
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Definition
| Maximal joint contact but not very mobile |
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Definition
| Less joint contact allowing for more mobility |
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Definition
| Allows for movement in one plane, include hinge and pivot joints |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows for movement in two planes: saddle joints, condyloid, ellipsoid |
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Definition
| Allows for movement in three planes: ball and socket joints |
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Term
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Definition
| TCJ: Articulation of the Tibia, Fibula, and Talus allowing plantaflexion |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulation of the Talus and Calcaneus allowing for slight inversion/eversion |
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Term
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Definition
| Connective tissue sheaths which hold tendons down |
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Term
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Definition
| Interosseous Membrane connecting the tibia and fibula together |
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Term
| Anterior Talofibular Ligament |
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Definition
| ATFL: Lateral Ligament running from Talus to the Fibula resisting inversion |
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Term
| Calconeal Fibrous Ligament: |
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Definition
| Lateralm Ligament running from Calcaneus to the Fibula to resist inversion |
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Term
| Posterior Talofibular Ligament |
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Definition
| Lateral ligament connecting the Talus to the Fibula on posterior side of the leg resisting inversion |
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Term
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Definition
| Medial Ligament running from the Tibia to Talus and Calcaneus to resist eversion of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| Bony process of the Fibula extending beyond the medial malleolus of the tibia to create a square shaped mortise at the ankle and stopping excessive eversion |
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Term
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Definition
| Connective sheath of the lower foot which runs from the Calcaneus to metatarsals to support the arch |
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Definition
| Ligament running from the Talus to the Navicular bone to help support the arch |
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Term
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Definition
| Resists dorsiflexion by dynamic contraction of soleus and gastrocnemius |
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Term
| Peroneus Longus and Brevis |
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Definition
| Extensors of the foot on the lateral aspect which evert/pronate the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| On posterior side of the lower leg, Tibialis Posterior |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury of the 1st Metatarsal-Phalangeal joint from push off stress |
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Term
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Definition
| High arch of foot including Windlass effect. Rigid foot tending to supinate and invert the Calcaneus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Flat footed arch with loose bones tending to pronate the foot and evert the calcaneus |
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Term
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Definition
| Stress on the Tibilias Posterior from over-pronation of the foot and dropping of the navicular |
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Definition
| Articulation of the Tibia with the Femur whicu bares most bodyweight |
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Term
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Definition
| Knee Articulation of the patella and trochlear groove of the femur to increase mechanical advantage for the quadriceps |
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Term
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Definition
| Joint between the tibia and fibula which absorbs torsional stress |
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Term
| Anterior Cruciate Ligament |
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Definition
| ACL knee ligament which prevents anterior translation of the tibia |
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Term
| Poterior Cruciate Ligament |
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Definition
| PCL knee ligament which stops backward translation of the tibia to the femur |
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Term
| Medial Collateralm oigament |
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Definition
| MCL Knee ligament attaching to the medial meniscus to increase knee stability to resist lateral forces |
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Term
| Lateral Collateral Ligament |
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Definition
| LCL knee ligament unattached to the meniscus to resist medial forces |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid filled sacs in joints which reduce friction |
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Term
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Definition
| Cartilage pad which helps knee stabiliy,shock absorption, and dispersion of synovial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| Vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris muscles which extend the knee. Insert at tibial tuberosity and originate at top of the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lateral Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosis, Semimembranosis. Originate on the iscial tuberosity and insert on tibia |
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Term
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Definition
| Adductors of the leg including Gracilus, Sartorius, and Semitendinosis as well as stabilize the medial knee |
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Term
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Definition
| Lateral muscle group which stabilizes the lateral side of the knee, abducts leg |
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Term
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Definition
| Biaxial joint capable of flexion, extension, rotation, and translation |
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Term
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Definition
| Femoral Condyles lock during knee extension creating a close-packed joint which laterally rotates the tibia |
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Term
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Definition
| Longtiduinal anglevof the femur and line of pull of the patellar ligament which increases at greater tensions/more lateral tibial movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Tibia moves laterally while Femur moves medially, common in Pes Planus feet are pronated and tend to move femur medially |
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Term
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Definition
| Tibia moves inward/medially and femur moves out/laterally, legs "bowed". Common in Pes Cavus feet which supinate and move tibia inward |
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Term
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Definition
| Hyper extension of the knee |
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Term
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Definition
| ACL tear, MCL tear, Meniscus tear |
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Term
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Definition
| Patellar Tendonitis: inflammation of patellar tendon |
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Term
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Definition
| Outgrowth and inflammation of Tibial Tuberacle from excessive quadricep forces--kickers |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulation between sacrum and ileum of os coxa |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrocartilage lip around hip joint to deepen articulating surface |
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Term
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Definition
| Ligament connecting to femoral head fovea capis which houses a blood vessel to supply the head of the femur |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Glute med
Tensor Fascia Lata |
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Term
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Definition
| Gracilus, Adductor magnus/brevis, Pectinius |
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Term
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Definition
| Downward tip of anterior pelvis which lengthens and weakens the abdominal muscles and hamstrings |
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Term
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Definition
| Lengthening and weakening of the Erector Spinae and Quads |
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Term
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Definition
| Excess Inward curve of the lumbar spine common in anterior pelvis tilt |
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Term
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Definition
| Lateral curvature of the spine due to a hip obliquity which can be due to Leg Length Differences |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth of femur inward/medially |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth of femur laterally/outward |
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Term
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Definition
| Damage to femoral head due to loss of blood suppply from ligamentum teres |
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Term
| Greater Trochantar Bursitis |
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Definition
| Snapping hip syndrome from tight tensor fascia lata and IT band which rubs against bursae |
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Term
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Definition
| Trauma to top of iliac crest |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 Adjacent vertebrae and the disc that separates them, Facet Joint between them |
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Term
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Definition
| Apophyseal Synovial Joint between posterior ends of two vertebrae to protect from shear and translation; bears 30% of load in trunk hyperextensiomn |
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Term
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Definition
| Composed of cartilagenous disc made up of outer fibrous segment and inner nucleus pulpusos segment to withstand torque and compression |
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Term
| Anterior Longitudinal Ligament |
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Definition
| Wide Spinal ligament which resists extension forces |
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Term
| Posterior Longitudinal Ligament |
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Definition
| Thinner spinal ligament running down back of vertebrae to resist flexion |
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Term
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Definition
| Runs down leg under piriformis muscle to innervate hamstrings and breaks into the Common peroneal nerve and Tibial nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| Laterally rotates the spine, connects ileum to lumbar |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 Spinal extensors: Iliocostalis, Spinalis, Longissimus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Lordotic lumbar curve and Kymphotic thoracic curve |
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Term
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Definition
| Dropping of the head during a tackle leading to force compressing straight down on cervicle vertebrae and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulation between the ulna and humerus |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal lateral angle of the forearm to the humerus |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibrachium leans more medial, called gunstock deformity |
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Term
| Ulnar Collateral ligament |
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Definition
MCL/ACL of elbow
Injured from lateral forces such as when pitching |
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Term
| Radial Collateral Ligament |
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Definition
| LCL o Elbow, injured from medial forces |
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Term
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Definition
| Wraps around the head of the radius to allow pivoting |
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Term
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Definition
| Tennis elbow-injury of the lateral elbow from trauma to wrist extensors |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury to the medial epicondylitis due to stress on flexor muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulation between humeral head and scapula-- flex, extend, adduct, abduct, rotate |
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Term
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Definition
| Physiological joint between the scapula and ribs wherein the serratus and subscapularis run between. Allows movement of scapula needed to flex shoulder: for every 2 degrees of shoulder movement, 1 degree of scapula movement is needed |
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Term
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Definition
| Synovial,gliding Articulation between the manubrum of the sternum and the clavicle by the Interclavicular, Costoclavicular, and Sternoclavicular ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| Clavicle articulates with the acromium process of the scapula by the Acromio-Clavicular and Coraco-Clavicular Ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| Shoulder ball and socket joint where humeral head articulates with 20% of the the glenoid cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrocartilage lip surrounding the glenoid cavity which deepens the socket and allows 75% contact with the humeral head |
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Term
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Definition
| Adducts/flexes the shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| Supraspinatus, Teres minor, infraspinatus which attach to |
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Term
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Definition
| protraction of scapula and rounded shoulders due to dysfunction of the serratus |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple muscles attach to various points on a bone to cause a single coordinated movement |
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