Term
| aortic arch (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| large curve, comes out of the top of the heart, curves to the left |
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Term
| pulmonary trunk (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| located immediately inferior to the origin of the arch of the aorta |
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Term
| thoracic aorta (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| aoritc continuation along dorsal wall of the thoracic cavity |
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Term
| intercostals (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| small arteries that branch off of aorta, run in between the ribs |
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Term
| brachiocephalic (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first vessel to branch off of the arch of the aorta |
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Term
| right & left common carotid (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first and second branches of the brachiocephalic |
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Term
| right & left external carotid (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| continuation of the common carotids after the internal carotids branch |
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Term
| right subclavians (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| third branching of the brachicephalic, only in the ribcage |
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Term
| left subclavian(UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| second vessel to branch off of the arch of the aorta |
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Term
| right & left internal mammary (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first vessels to branch off the subclavians, will be cut |
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Term
| right & left vertebral (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first vessel off of the subclavians, past internal mammary to go deep into tissue |
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Term
| right & left costocervical (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| second vessel off of subclavians, past internal mammary. Looks like a "Y" |
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Term
| right & left thyrocervical (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| third vessel off of the subclavians, past internal mammary goes deep into tissue |
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Term
| right & left axillary (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| subclavian that leaves ribcage, outside of armpit, continues into bicep region |
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Term
| right & left brachial (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| subclavian that leaves ribcage, outside of armpit, continues into bicep region |
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Term
| right & left ulnar (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| branch of the brachial, goes to the elbow |
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Term
| right & left radial (UPPER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| branch of the brachial, goes toward to the forearm |
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Term
| Abdominal Aorta (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| continuation of the thoracic aorta below the diaphragm, in the abdomen |
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Term
| celiac trunk (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first vessel to branch viscerally from the abdominal aorta |
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Term
|
Definition
| top vessel off of the celiac trunk |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| middle vessel(s) off of the celiac trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
| first vessel off of the celiac trunk |
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Term
| right & left adrenolumbar (LOWER) (ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first lateral branches of the abdomianl aorta, just above the kidneys |
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Term
| right & left renal (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| second lateral branch of the abdomianl aorta, go to the kidneys |
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Term
|
Definition
| one per lumbar vertebrae, branch from under the abdominal aorta |
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Term
| right & left internal spermatic/ovarian (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| third lateral branches of the abdominal aorta |
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Term
| right & left iliolumbar (LOWER) (ARETERY) |
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Definition
| last major branches of the abdominal aorta before the split of the external iliacs |
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Term
| right & left external iliac (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| first split of the abdominal aorta, run along outside of pelvis |
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Term
| right & left internal iliac (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| medial split of of the abdominal aorta, run into the pelvis |
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Term
| medial sacral (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| small middle continuation of the abdominal aorta, runs toward the tail |
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Term
| right & left femoral (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| continuation of the external iliac into the thigh |
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Term
| right & left deep femoral (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| branch off of the external iliac, runs medially just after the pelvis |
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Term
| right & left saphenous (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| branch of the femoral, runs down the leg toward the foot |
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Term
| right & left popliteal (LOWER)(ARTERY) |
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Definition
| branch of the femoral, runs toward the knee |
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Term
| superior vena cava (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| large vessel, comes out of the top of the heart |
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Term
| inferior vena cava (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| large vessel, comes out of the bottom of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| large vessel, first branch from the superior vena cava, runs along the dorsal wall |
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Term
| intercostals (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| small vessels, one per rib, branch off the azygous |
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Term
| internal mammary (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| only one, branches off of the superior vena cava, will be cut |
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Term
| right & left brachiocephalic (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| spit of the superior vena cava |
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Term
| right & left vertebral (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| first vessels to branch off the brachicephalics, go immediately deep into tissue |
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Term
| right & left internal jugular (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| thin, first of three vessels that split the brachicephalic, internal most |
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Term
| right & left external jugular (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| thick, second of three vessels that split the brachiocephalic, middle one |
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Term
| transverse jugular (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| bridges the two external jugulars in the neck, superior to the larynx |
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Term
| right & left anterior facial (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch of the external jugular, goes to the chin |
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Term
| right & left posterior facial (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch of the external jugular, goes to the ear |
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Term
| right & left subclavian (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| third of three branches that split the brachiocephalic, short, only in ribcage |
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Term
| right & left axillary (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| subclavian that leaves the ribcage, only in the armpit |
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Term
| right & left brachial (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| subclavian that leaves the armpit and goes into the bicep region of the arm |
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|
Term
| right & left ulnar (UPPER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch of the brachial that goes to the elbow |
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|
Term
| right & left radial (UPPER)(VEIN) |
|
Definition
| branch of the brachial that goes to the forearm |
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Term
| inferior vena cava (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| large vessel, continues through the diaphragm into the abdomen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| runs from the liver back to the inferior vena cava |
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Term
| right & left adrenolumbar (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| first lateral branches of the inferior vena cava, just above the kidney |
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Term
| right & left renal (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| second lateral branches of the inferior vena cava, go to the kidneys |
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Term
| right & left internal spermatic/ovarian (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch off of the renal veins, go to the ovary/testes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| one per lumbar vertebrae, branch from from under inferior vena cava |
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|
Term
| right & left iliolumbar (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| last major branches of the inferior vena cava before the split of the common iliacs |
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Term
| right & left common iliac (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| first split of the inferior vena cava, run along outside of pelvis |
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Term
| right & left internal iliac (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch of the common iliac, goes deep along pelvic wall into pelvis |
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|
Term
| right & left external iliac (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| continuation of the common iliac, run from the internal iliac branch to femoral/deep femoral split |
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|
Term
| medial sacral (caudal) (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| small middle continuation of the inferior vena cava, runs toward the tail |
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|
Term
| right & left femoral (LOWER)(VEIN) |
|
Definition
| continuation of the external iliac into the thigh |
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|
Term
| right & left deep femoral (LOWER)(VEIN) |
|
Definition
| branch off of the external iliac, runs medially just after the pelvis |
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|
Term
| right & left greater saphenous (LOWER)(VEIN) |
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Definition
| branch of the femoral, runs down the leg toward the foot |
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|
Term
| right & left popliteal (LOWER)(VEIN) |
|
Definition
| branch of the femoral, runs toward the knee |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of bone covered with cartilaginous framework |
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Term
| external nares (nostrils) |
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Definition
| two openings on the underside of the external nose |
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Term
|
Definition
| warm, moisten, filter incoming air; detect olfactory stimuli; modifying speech vibrations |
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Term
|
Definition
| large cavity inferior to nasal bone & superior to the mouth, connects anteriorly to the external nose & posteriorly to the pharynx at the internal nares. sinuses drain here |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the space within the internal nose |
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Term
|
Definition
| region just inside the nostrils |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| vertical partition that divides tha nasal cavity into the right and left sides |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| large cavity makes up the mouth |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| horizontal structure separating the oral an nasal cavities |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| made of maxillae and palantine bones, make up roof of mouth and bottom wall of internal nose |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular attachment to the posteriror portion of the hard palate, helps close the nasal cavity during swallowing |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| terminal posterior bulb of soft tissue on the soft palate |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| tube-like passageway, extends from the internal nares to the split of the esophagus (posterior) and larynx (anterior) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| superior portion, lies posterior to the nasal cavity, contains the Eustarian (Auditory) Tubes, which equalize inner ear with atmospheric pressure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| medial portion, lies posterior to the oral cavity, extnds from the soft palate to the hyoid bone/epiglottis |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior portion, extends from the hyoid bone/epiglottis and opens into the esophagus (posterior) and larynx (anterior) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| voice box, connects pharynx to the trachea |
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|
Term
| thyroid cartilage (Adam's Apple) |
|
Definition
| large shield-like plate of hyaline cartilage, forms anterior wall of larynx |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| region inside the thyroid cartilage, consists of true vocal cords and the Rima Glottidis (the space between the false and true vocal cords) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| site where sound is produced through vibration |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall if the larynx, attaches to the first ring on the tracheal cartilage (opposite of thyroid cartilage) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| large leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage that covers the glottis during swallowing (prevents food from getting into the airway, trachea) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| tube-like passageway anterior to the esophagus, passageway for air (goes up twards epiglottis when swallowing) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| "C" shaped rings of cartilage that give support to the trachea (provide protection for front & sides) |
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|
Term
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue |
|
Definition
| the lumen of the trachea is lined with this, fingerlike cells that catch and move debris up and out of the trachea, & interspersed goblet cells secrete mucous |
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|
Term
| right & left primary bronchi |
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Definition
| at the fifth thoracic vertebra the trachea divides, one branch going to each lung |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| branching of primary bronchi, one branch to each lung lobe (3 in the right lung, 2 in the left lung) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smaller branches of the secondary bronchi, inundate lung tissue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest branches of the bronchioles, ~25 branches |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| branches of terminal bronchioles about which alveolar sacs and alveoli are arranged |
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|
Term
| alveolus (alveoli plural) |
|
Definition
| cup-shaped out-pouching, site where respiration occurs between the body and atmosphere,exchange O2 for CO2 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| two or more alveoli that share a common alveolar duct |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| lobed structures, the right has 3 lobes, the left has 2 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| deep grooves that separate the lobes of the lungs, oblique are found on both right and left lungs, horizontal only on the right lung |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an indentation in the left lung to accommodate for the beating of the heart |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| superficial serous membrane that lines the wall of the thoracic cavity |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| serous membrane that lines the lungs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| space between the parietal and visceral pleura |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument used to measure the volume of air moved during breathing |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| volume of one normal breath --> ~500ml |
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|
Term
| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) |
|
Definition
| breathe in normally (500ml) and inhale more than normal tidal volume --> ~3100ml (maximum amount of air taken in with one breath) |
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|
Term
| expiratory reserve volume (ERV) |
|
Definition
| breathe in normally (500ml) and exhale for as long as possible. you will exhale ~1200ml in addition to 500ml from tidal volume |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| air left in lungs after exhalation, cannot be measured with a spirometer --> ~1200ml |
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|
Term
| inspiratory capacity (IC) |
|
Definition
| Vt + IRV = IC (tidal volume + inspiratory repiratory volume = inspiratory capacity |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| IRV + Vt + ERV = VC (inspiratory reserve + tidal volume + expiratory reserve = vital capacity |
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|
Term
| total lung capacity (TLC) |
|
Definition
| VC + RV = TLC (vital capacity + residual volume = total lung capacity) |
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