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BIO 3
fuckme
23
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/10/2011

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Term
Describe the structure & function of the spinal cord
Definition
Gray Matter in the center -> myelinated axons.
ventral root, posterior root
spinal ganglion= sensory neurons
cervical=8 lumbar=5 thoracic=12 sacral= 5 coccyx=1
Term
Name the major parts of the autonomic nervous system (Centers & divisions)
Definition
Enviromental influence thoughts -> cerebrum -> hypothalamus (Lymbic system changes in temp)-> meduallary autonomic centers - sympathetic & parasympathetic
Term
List five principles of autonomic function
Definition
1. all reflexive
2. all subconscious
3. maintaining homeostasis
4. dual innervation
5. summation (by effector tissue)
Term
Distinguish the parasympathetic and sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system in at least 3 ways
Definition
Para-> CNS emergence, cranial + sacrospinal nerves
Sympathetic->Thoracolumbar emergenc from the CNS
Ganglia loeation
Chem. released & dominance - high stress
Term
Describe the nervous system disorders
Definition
Myasthanian Gravis- drug to treat it called neostigmine that blocks acteyloesterasecholine
Plasmaphoresis-allows electrical separation
Alzheimer disease- affect 10%of all people over 65 amyloid plauges accumulated in cells
Term
Describe the nervous system disorders
Definition
Myasthanian Gravis- drug to treat it called neostigmine that blocks acteyloesterasecholine
Plasmaphoresis-allows electrical separation
Alzheimer disease- affect 10%of all people over 65 amyloid plauges accumulated in cells
Term
Describe the structure & function of all parts of the eye (including the 6 extrinsic muscle) and name/identify the abnormal conditions covered in lecture
Definition
eye receptors are in the retina, the are called rods ->110 million per eye and cone cells -> 7-10 million per eye color division
Term
Ear structure & abnormal conditions
Definition
book
Term
What are the endocrine glands & hormones (what do they control?)
Definition
Endocrine glands-ductless glands secreting chem signs into the circulatory system
hormones- chem signals secreted by endocrine glands can be chem categorized as belonging to the "protein group" or the "lipid group"
Term
Biochem classes of horomones
Definition
Membrane (bound receptors) extend across the plasma membrane and have their receptor sites exposed to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Hormones that bind to the membrane-bound receptors are large molecules and water- soluble molecules that cannot pass through the plasma membrane, they are proteins, glycoproteins, polyeptieds & some smaller molecules such as epinephrine & nonepinephrine
Term
Biochem classes of horomones
Definition
Membrane (bound receptors) extend across the plasma membrane and have their receptor sites exposed to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Hormones that bind to the membrane-bound receptors are large molecules and water- soluble molecules that cannot pass through the plasma membrane, they are proteins, glycoproteins, polyeptieds & some smaller molecules such as epinephrine & nonepinephrine
Term
Bio chem continued
Definition
Intracellular receptors- in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus of the cell. hormones that diffuse through the plasma membrane bind to the intracellular receptors and the hormone -receptor complex & then initiates the cell's response. These hormones are lipid soluble& relativity small. Thyroi, steriod->testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, aldosterone & orisol
Term
Three major endocrine glands
Definition
Pineal Gland
Pituitary gland
Parathyroid gland
*Look Up
Term
Name or identity endocrine disorders
Definition
Growth hormone
Giganticism - 6'11 to 8' hypersecretion, after adulthood = acromegley
dwarfism hyposecretion, short but evenly proportional
congenital = pituitar, choridro dystropohic dwarfism
Term
structures & functions of the respiratory system
Definition
oxygenates the blood* - it removes CO2 "gas exchange"
Gas exchange- respiratory & card. systems work together to supply oxygen to all cells and remove carbon dioxide
Reg. of blood PH- the respiratory system can alter blood PH by changing blood carbon dioxide levels
Voice Prod.- air movement past the vocal folds makes sound & speach possible
olfaction-sensation of smell happens when airborne molecules are drawn into nasal cavity
protection-the respiratory system provides protection against some microorganisms by preventing their entry into the body & by removing them from respiratory surfaces
Term
describe breathing & air pressure & volume changes that allow inspiration & expiration
Definition
inspiration- abd muscles are relaxed= diaphragm, & muscles that elevate the ribs & sternum (external intercortals, pectoralis minor & scalenes)
Expiration- muscles that depress the ribs & sternum, such as the abd muscles & the internal intercostals
Normal- respiratory muscles are relaxed
labored- all inspiratory muscles are are active & they contract more forcefully than during quite breathing, causing a greater increase in thoracic volume
Term
Describe relationship between the hypothalamus & pituitary
Definition
Hypothalamus & pituitary gland are major sites where the nervous & endocrine systems interact. Pituitary secrets 9 major hormones that regulate numerous body functions & the secretory activity of several other endocrine glands
The hypothalamus regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland
Term
list 6 secretions & describe effects
Definition
1. Antidiuretic hormone-increase water re absorption
2. oxytocin-increase uterine contrations; milk explusion from mammary glands; unclear function in males.
3. growth horomoe- increase growth in tissues
4. thyroid- stimulation hormone, incrase theyroid hormone secretion
5.Melanocyte- stimulatoin hormone increased melanin production in melanocytes to make skin color darker
6. prolactin- milk production in lactating in women
Term
Describe structure & function of heart
Definition
FUNCTIONS:
Generating blood pressure, routing blood, regulating blood supply
Term
LOOK UP STRUCTURE
Definition
116
Term
Blood flow through heart & its tissue
Definition
Superior vena cava-right atrium-triscupid vlave-right ventricle- pulmonary semiluar valves- pulmonary trunk-pumonary arteries- lung tissue- pulmonary veins- left atrium- bicuspid valve- left vent- aortic semi lunar valves- aorta-body tissues
Term
Lymphatic system
Definition
includes lymps, lymphatic vessels, tissues, noduels, nodes, fonsils, the spllen & thymus
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