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| Superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity that contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, most of the small intestine, and part of the large intestine |
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A cavity inferior to the diaphragm that is subdivided into a superior abdominal cavity and an inferior pelvic cavity |
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An electrical signal that propagates along the membrane of a neuron or muscle fiber (cell); a rapid change in membrane potential that involves a depolarization followed by a repolarization.
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The use of fine needles (lasers, ultrasound, or electricity) inserted into specific exterior body locations and manipulated to relieve pain and provide therapy for various conditions. The placement of needles may cause the release of neurotransmitters such as endorphins, painkillers that may inhibit pain pathways. |
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The adjustment of the pupil of the eye to changes in light intensity. The property by which a sensory neuron relays a decreased frequency of action potentials from a receptor, even though the strength of the stimulus remains constant; the decrease in perception of a sensation over time while the stimulus is still present. |
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A neuron that releases epinephrine (adrenaline) or norepinephrine (noradrenaline) as its neurotransmitter. |
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Loss of the sense of taste. |
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Synthetic, energy-requiring reactions whereby small molecules are built up into larger ones. |
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A position of the body universally used in anatomical descriptions in which the body is erect, the head is level, the eyes face forward, the upper limbs are at the sides, the palms face forward, and the feet are flat on the floor. |
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The structure or study of the structure of the body and the relation of its parts to each other. |
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The watery fluid, similar in composition to cerebrospinal fluid, that fills the anterior cavity of the eye. |
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Unit of matter that makes up a chemical element; consists of a nucleus (containing positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons) and negatively charged electrons that orbit the nucleus. |
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Examination by listening to sounds in the body. |
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The examination of the body after death. |
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Extracellular fluid within blood vessels. |
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A space within the body that contains various internal organs. |
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Chemical reactions that break down complex organic compounds into simple ones, with the net release of energy. |
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The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; the smallest structure capable of performing all the activities vital to life. |
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A fluid produced by ependymal cells that cover choroid plexuses in the ventricles of the brain; the fluid circulates in the ventricles, the central canal, and the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord. |
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Part of a feedback system that sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates input from receptors, and generates output commands. |
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A subdivision of the dorsal body cavity formed by the cranial bones and containing the brain. |
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Distinguishing one disease from another or determining the nature of a disease from signs and symptoms by inspection, palpation, laboratory tests, and other means. |
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Any partition that separates one area from another, especially the dome-shaped skeletal muscle between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Also a dome-shaped device that is placed over the cervix, usually with a spermicide, to prevent conception. |
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The development of a cell from an unspecialized state to a specialized state. |
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An illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms. |
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An organ of the body, either a muscle or a gland, that is innervated by somatic or autonomic motor neurons. |
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Study of the occurrence and transmission of diseases and disorders in human populations. |
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Fluid outside body cells, such as interstitial fluid and plasma. |
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Cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, and reevaluated. |
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A plane at a right angle to a midsagittal plane that divides the body or organs into anterior and posterior portions. Also called a coronal (kÅ-RÅ-nal) plane. |
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An increase in size due to an increase in (1) the number of cells, (2) the size of existing cells as internal components increase in size, or (3) the size of intercellular substances. |
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The superior part of a human, cephalic to the neck. The superior or proximal part of a structure. |
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The condition in which the body's internal environment remains relatively constant within physiological limits. |
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Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure. Also called caudal (KAW-dal). |
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The portion of extracellular fluid that fills the microscopic spaces between the cells of tissues; the internal environment of the body. Also called intercellular or tissue fluid. |
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Fluid located within cells. |
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The appendage attached at the pelvic (hip) girdle, consisting of the thigh, knee, leg, ankle, foot, and toes. |
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Fluid confined in lymphatic vessels and flowing through the lymphatic system until it is returned to the blood. |
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A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left halves. Situated in the middle. |
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