Term
| What were the key provisions of the Treaty of Versailles? Seeds of World War 2? |
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Definition
- Alsace-Lorraine to France
- German army reduced
- Germany will respect the independence of many other countries
- War Guilt on Germany
- Germany must pay $33b in reparations for WWI
- League of Nations
Germany will eventually break all of these provisions |
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Term
| What sparked instability in the post-WWI era? |
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Definition
The United States never joined the League of Nations
Many nations were unhappy with the peace treaty
Harsh treatment of Germany
Hyperinflation |
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Term
| Weimar Republic: Major challenges? Impact of the Dawes Plan? What ended Weimar's "Golden Age"? |
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Definition
Germany's Post-war government
Democracy and parliamentary
Hyperinflation began so Germany printed more money
Dawes Plan: Successful plan to resolve money issues in Germany
Golden-Age ends with the Wall Street Crash in 1929 |
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Term
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Definition
Communism:
- Economic equality
- Classless society
- Fascism = Bad
- Very left-wing
Fascism:
- National glory
- Class roles set by a dictator
- Private enterprise = good
- Communism = bad
- Very right-wing
Both:
Anti-Democratic
Violence and Secret Police
Prison and Death Camps
One party government |
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Term
| How did Benito Mussolini create a totalitarian state in Italy? |
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Definition
He said that he was the only one who could restore order in Italy
He gradually dismantled all democratic institution
He used propaganda and took control of the media. |
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Term
| What impact did Stalin's Five-Year Plans and collectivization of agriculture have on the Soviet Union? |
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Definition
Industrialized fast... very bad worker conditions (similar to the industrial revolution)
20 million died under Stalin's rule |
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Term
| What was the Great Purge? Scope and impact? |
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Definition
Secret police took and killed civilians
Removed from all records
Death lists
Stalin wanted to kill ALL "enemies" |
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Term
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Definition
Fields were taken... not enough food
You were killed if you kept any food
"Bread-basket"
3-12 million died
15-16 countries say this is a genocide
Man-made famine in Ukraine |
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Term
| How did China become a victim of Japanese agression? |
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Definition
Japan slowly took over China even before the war
Japan wanted to expand and have a large empire - they industrialized very quickly |
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Term
| What was the Rape of Nanjing (1937)? |
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Definition
Walk innocent people to a pit and killed them (300,000 victims)
Japan attacks China
Raped and killed |
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Term
| Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party (Nazis) |
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Definition
Founded in 1920
Only a few people at the beginning
Germany blood citizenship ONLY
Citizenship race science
Anti-Semetic |
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Term
| Munich Beer Hall Putsch (1923) |
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Definition
Secret and sudden attempt to overthrow the government
Hitler was sentenced to prison, where he wrote volume 1 of Mein Kampf |
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Term
| Mein Kampf - key ideas and red flags |
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Definition
Outed Jews as the worst "race"... Aryan race=good... Anti-semitic
Talked about restoring a "perfect" German state
The overthrow of the government
Essential for survival to gain new lands (Lebensraum)
Anti-communist
France = the enemy |
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Term
| How did the Nazis go from a small fringe party to the largest political party in Germany? |
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Definition
Huge economic depression/unemployment
1932: Nazis win 37% of the vote
Nazis = largest political party in Germany
Hitler is appointed chancellor (Head of Parliament) in 1933 because of Nazi Success in elections |
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Term
| Why was the Reichstag fire (1933) a turning point in Hitler's rise to power? What other steps helped him consolidate his power? |
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Definition
Feb 27 - Reichstag fire
Feb 38 - Hitler convinces President von Hindenburg to invoke Article 48 which suspends constitution in times of emergency and means that the Reichstag approval is unnecessary
Hitler can arrest anyone fro a rival political party |
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Term
| What were the goals of Nazi propaganda? |
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Definition
Influence Nazi politics
Support for war
Anti-semitic
Aryan race = good
Obedience to Hitler
Brainwash German youth
Encourage German nationalism |
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Term
| What were the Nuremberg Laws |
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Definition
They defined citizenship and Jews
Explained who is a rightful citizen and who is considered a Jew
Jewish rights are stripped away
Tring to get Jews to leave Germany |
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Term
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Definition
Night of Broken Glass
Synagogues burned, Jewish business is destroyed, Jewish cemeteries are destroyed, 30,000 arrests. sent to camps 91 Jews killed
Anti-semitic policy gets larger. Lack of public response means that Germans are ready for more. More policies to remove Jews from social and economic life are put into place. Lays groundwork for eventual deportation and extermination |
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