Shared Flashcard Set

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Benchmark review # 2
Fall Semester review
52
History
10th Grade
12/07/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What document limited the power of the king and gave more power to the nobles of England?
Definition
Magna Carta
Term
What are the three main components needed for production--also known as the factors of production.
Definition
land, labor, and capital
Term
What concept from the U.S. constitution have influenced many countries around the world?
Definition
The idea that people can self-govern and preserve freedom for it's people.
Term
What was the art and literature of the Romantic Movement based on? Also known as Romanticism.
Definition
Emotion and imagination.
Term
What idea did Karl Marx create where the workers would bring about a revolution and seize ownership of property to be shared by everyone?
Definition
Communism
Term
What idea did Greco-Roman and Jude o-Christian traditions share about people.
Definition
The concept of individualism.
Term
What geographical advantage did England have over other countries in order to industrialize first?
Definition
navigable rivers and natural harbors
Term
Who did Plato believe should govern (lead) over their people?
Definition
Philosopher kings (educated)
Term
What invention had the biggest impact on the transportation of freight (goods,cargo)?
Definition
The steam engine (created by James Watt).
Term
What is one of the main similarities between the American Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Bill of rights?
Definition
Both outline the rights people should have.
Term
What was the main purpose of Congress of Vienna and the Concert of Europe (alliance that was formed)?
Definition
To create stability (balance of power) and prevent war across Europe.
Term
Why did Karl Marx believe Capitalism would fail and be replaced by Communism?
Definition
Many workers had poor working conditions during the Industrial Revolution.
Term
What one of the main idea's of Social Darwinism (which many Europeans had during the time of Imperialism).
Definition
They had the right to colonize because they had more wealth and power.
Term
an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit.
Definition
Capitalism
Term
an economic system in which all means of production--land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses--are owned by the people, private property does not exist, and all goods and services are shared equally.
Definition
Communism
Term
What was the goal of many missionaries during the time of imperialism?
Definition
To end slavery and spread the ideas of Christianity.
Term
What was a major reason Melenik II of Ethiopia able to defeat Italy and remain independent?
Definition
He modernized his army.
Term
Which country controlled much of Northwest Africa? What country controlled much of South Africa?
Definition
France-North West Africa
Great Britain- South Africa
Term
What country controlled India?
Definition
Great Britain
Term
union
Definition
an association of workers, formed to collectively bargain for better working conditions and better wages.
Term
Who used the tactic of Civil Disobedience in India during their independence movement?
Definition
Mahatma Gandhi
Term
Who worked with bacteria, which led to better standards for public health
Definition
Louis Pasteur
Term
Why did many people move to the cities during the agricultural revolution and Industrial revolution?
Definition
To look for jobs (economic opportunity)
Term
What did many colonized people want to rid their country of? Example: Siam, India, China, many African countries.
Definition
Western ideas/influences.
Term
one of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked on by village farmers.
Definition
Enclosure
Term
The seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country. Also controlling the political, economic, and social life of the weaker country.
Definition
Imperialism
Term
Which philosopher is most known for the idea of separation of powers? Three branches of government
Definition
Charles Louis Montesquieu
Term
Berlin Conference of 1884-85
Definition
Conference establishing rules for the division of Africa by European nations.
Term
Who was able to restore order in France during the French Revolution?
Definition
Napoleon Bonaparte
Term
Who was the philosopher that stated that government is granted power by the people.
Definition
John Locke
Term
Triple Entente (1907 alliance- pre WWI)
Definition
Great Britain, France, and Russia
Term
What region had a long history of ethnic disputes and nationalism and was known as the "powder keg" of Europe? (Think pre WWI, Austria-Hungrary and Serbia
Definition
The Balkan Region
Term
trench warfare
Definition
a form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield.
Term
Schlieffen Plan
Definition
The German strategy in World War I to capture
Paris, France and then defeat Russia
Term
What two major events pushed the United States into World War I
Definition
Unrestricted submarine warfare on American ships and the Zimmerman Note.
Term
What event pulled Russia out of World War I?
Definition
The Russian Revolution caused Russia to leave the war.
Term
Total War
Definition
When a country devotes all their resources to the war effort.
Term
What group of people did the Ottoman Empire target for mass killings (genocide)?
Definition
The Armenians
Term
What country had to take complete responsibility for World War I (Treaty of Versailles)?
Definition
Germany
Term
What organization did the United States not join because they feared it would cause them to go to war in the future?
Definition
League of Nations
Term
Which Revolution did not establish a stable constitutional government--American Revolution or French Revolution?
Definition
The French Revolution
Term
What event did people establish that they had power over the king of France by creating a constitution?
Definition
The Tennis Court Oath
Term
What countries were created after WWI from the empire of Austria-Hungary?
Definition
Czechoslovakia,Yugoslavia, Austria, and Hungary,.
Term
This Soviet plan was created to increase economic development
Definition
The Five-year plan
Term
What do totalitarian states (ex.Fascism and Communism) stress?
Definition
Nationalism (state before the individual)
Term
Under Lenin, the Russia became what type of government?
Definition
Communist dictatorship
Term
What policy did Britain and France adopt for dealing with Hitler?
Definition
Appeasement
Term
Which European country was Germany unable to defeat because their air force was able to defeat the German Luftwaffe(air force)?
Definition
Great Britain
Term
What grew because of the Industrial Revolution?
Definition
Cities/urban areas
Term
Why did European countries feel they had the right to colonize territory in Africa and Asia?
Definition
Their wealth and power.
Term
Direct Democracy
Definition
Where all citizens have the right to vote on laws vs. representatives.
Term
Who created the idea of a "social contract" where people had the right to overthrow their government if they did not protect their rights.
Definition
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