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| Loose constructionists believe that the federal government is more powerful than the states. They also believe that national laws are supreme over state laws. |
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| Strict constructionists believe the federal government has only the powers specifically granted it in the Constitution. |
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| The leader of the Federalist Party |
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| The leader of the Democratic Republican Party |
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| This branch of government makes the laws. |
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| Legislative Branch (or Congress) |
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| This branch of government is responsible for enforcing the laws. |
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| The Executive Branch (President) |
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| This branch of government determines if the laws are constitutional. |
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| The Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) |
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| Popular Sovereignty ("We the People...") |
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| The people have final authority. |
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| When determining representation in the House of Representatives, a slave would only count as 3/5th of a person. |
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| This Compromise created a two-house legislature. In the Senate, each state got two senators. In the House of Representatives, a state's population determined the number of representatives. |
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| The Constitution was written in this year. |
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| Each branch of government shares its power and checks the power of the other two. This prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful. |
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| Washington's Farewell Address |
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| Washington warned the United States against the dangers of political parties and "entangling alliances" with foreign nations. |
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| The year the United States purchased Louisiana from France. |
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| Land bought from France in 1803. It doubled the size of the United States. |
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| Power of the Supreme Court to declare an act of the President or Congress unconstitutional. |
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| Conflict between the United States and Great Britain (England). Main cause was British violations of American neutral rights, main battle was Battle of New Orleans in 1815. |
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| United States warned European countries not to interfere with any nations in the Western Hemisphere. |
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| In 1803 the Supreme Court established the principle of judical review - or the power of the judiciary to determine if a law is constitutional. |
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