Term
| Which inspection occurs before death? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
The antemortem inspection must be done within 48 hours prior to slaughter |
|
Definition
False
Within 24hrs of slaughter |
|
|
Term
| This inspection is all about protecting the consumer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are you looking for in an antemortem inspection? |
|
Definition
| animals that are fit for human consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans |
|
|
Term
| Give two examples of a disease that fits the 'zoonosis' criteria |
|
Definition
| Mad Cow Disease (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) |
|
|
Term
| Why might cattle be given hormone implants? |
|
Definition
increase weight gain & feed conversion
increase carcass weights & muscling
increase returns for producer
lower cost of production for producer |
|
|
Term
True or False
Hormone implants can only legally be used in veal |
|
Definition
False
Only in beef cattle (not veal!) |
|
|
Term
| What animals might be found to require special handling upon antemortem inspection? |
|
Definition
injured animals
animals contaminated with manure/tag |
|
|
Term
| How can you minimize contamination in regards to animals with tag/manure? |
|
Definition
-hide on carcass washes
-application of organic acids/other chemicals
-steam or hot water pasteurization |
|
|
Term
| What inspection occurs after death of an animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are you looking for in a post mortem inspection? |
|
Definition
| examining carcass for dirt, feces, lesions, tumours, abcesses, parasites, signs of disease in lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| Why is examining the lymph nodes important? What might indicate a problem? |
|
Definition
determine the incidence & severity of disease in an animal, to see if there is a danger to the consumer
-colour & size |
|
|
Term
| What internal parts are important to examine in a post mortem inspection? |
|
Definition
head (masticatory muscles) for tapeworms
lungs (for pneumonia)
liver (for abscesses & parasites)
heart (for cysticerus bovis) |
|
|
Term
| What percentage of a steer does the carcass make up, after slaughter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of a steer does the hide make up, after slaughter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of a steer does the gut fill make up, after slaughter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do we do with the fat, bone, inedible trim and waste from a steer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The eye is ______ and _______ to the chest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two main body cavities? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of using hormone implants? |
|
Definition
-increased gains & feed conversion
-lower production costs for producer
-increase carcass weights and muscling
-increase returns for producer |
|
|
Term
| What are an inspector's 3 options after inspecting the lymph nodes of a carcass? |
|
Definition
-hold carcass for further testing
-condemn the carcass for destruction/rendering
-allow carcass to enter the human food chain |
|
|
Term
| What organs/portions of the body are important to look at in a post-mortem inspection & why? |
|
Definition
Head (cystericus bovis - tapeworm)
Lungs (pneumonia)
Liver (abscesses, parasites)
Heart (cystecercus bovis) |
|
|
Term
| What is the average beef carcass weight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is there a need for adjectives of position? |
|
Definition
| -accurate description of body parts regardless of the orientation of the observer or position of the animal |
|
|
Term
| Anterior is also referred to as: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Posterior is also referred to as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the median plane? |
|
Definition
| Imaginary plane that splits the body into equal left and right sides |
|
|
Term
| The knee is _______ to the hoof |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 4 adjectives of position refer ONLY to regions of the limb? |
|
Definition
Proximal
Distal
Medial
Lateral |
|
|
Term
| The (inside/outside) surface of the carcass is the medial side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bovine is to cattle as ____ is to sheep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Equine is to horses as ______ is to pigs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Canine is to dogs as _______ is to goats |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the word for a sire in pigs? Dam? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the saggital plane? |
|
Definition
| Divides the body into left and right halves, not necessarily equally |
|
|
Term
| What adjective of position means 'towards the oral or nasal region'? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What body cavity protects the the organs of the nervous system, and what organs does it include? |
|
Definition
Dorsal Cavity
Skull, brain, vertical column, spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| What is the thoracic cavity? What organs are found in it? |
|
Definition
the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribs between the diaphragm and the neck
-lungs, heart, mediastinum (trachea & esophagus) |
|
|
Term
| What organs are found in the abdominal cavity? |
|
Definition
| stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, large intestine, and adrenal glands |
|
|
Term
| Does 'carpal' relate to regions of the forelimbs or hindlimbs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False
The dewclaw is distal to the carpus in the forelimb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Give the 'farm animal' equivalent of the following human joints:
Wrist
Ankle |
|
Definition
Human wrist = carpus
Human ankle = tarsus |
|
|
Term
What is the following sentence describing?
"soft internal organs of the body, especially those contained within the abdominal and thoracic cavities" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two layers of the pleura? What is defining characteristic of each? |
|
Definition
Visceral: directly covers (is attached to) the lungs
Parietal: attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delicate membrane surrounding the organs & structures in the thoracic cavity (esp lungs) |
|
|
Term
What is the correct term when referring to the 'father' in each of these species?
Pigs
Chicken
Turkey
Sheep |
|
Definition
Pigs: boar
Chicken: cock
Turkey: tom
Sheep: ram |
|
|
Term
What is the correct term when referring to the 'mother' of each of these species?
Cattle
Sheep
Pigs
Chicken
Turkey |
|
Definition
Cattle: cow
Sheep: ewe
Pigs: sow
Chicken: hen
Turkey: hen |
|
|
Term
What is the correct term when referring to the castrated form of each of these species?
Cattle
Pigs
Sheep
Chickens |
|
Definition
Cattle: steer
Pigs: barrow
Sheep: whether
Chickens: capon |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 methods of castration? |
|
Definition
Surgical
Crushing of spermatic cords
Chemical halt of testicular function |
|
|
Term
| Which would have better growth performance & carcass size, bulls or steers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which would have better meat quality, bulls or steers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is meat from a bull less palatable? |
|
Definition
| less intramuscular fat deposition makes it less juicy & tender |
|
|
Term
| What is a common issue in meat quality from intact male pigs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is more popularly used in Ontario, wethers or rams? Why? |
|
Definition
| rams because of increased growth and muscle development |
|
|
Term
| Why does castration in broiler production not matter? |
|
Definition
| harvested before sexual maturity is reached |
|
|
Term
| What age do steers & heifers get marketed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| young cow before first calf |
|
|
Term
| What would likely have a longer lifespan, a beef cow or dairy cow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is body condition scoring important? |
|
Definition
assess breeding stock
assess health status
asses success of current feeding programs
assess pronounced masculinity
asses degree of finish |
|
|
Term
| What is the dewlap? What is its function? |
|
Definition
| large median skin fold at the caudal end of the neck, cools the animal |
|
|
Term
| Where are the outer abdominal muscles located on a cow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of cattle anatomy is a 'non-weight bearing digit'? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are the hook bones caudal or cranial with respect to the pin bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The ____ flexes anteriorly while the ____ flexes posteriorly
(carpus/tarsus) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| another term for the metacarpals (forelimb) or metatarsals (hindlimb) |
|
|
Term
| This bone is a palpable prominence on the ileum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This bone is an isciatic projection on the ischium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the tuber coxae? |
|
Definition
| point of hip (hook) bones |
|
|
Term
| Which bone forms the cranial part of the floor of the pelvis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lateroventral parts of the neck in a pig |
|
|
Term
| What is the movable tip of the muzzle of a pig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name & function of the fat found under the hide? |
|
Definition
subcutaneous fat
thermal insulation |
|
|
Term
| What is another word for intermuscular fat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name for fat depots within the gut? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 main parts of mammalian cells? |
|
Definition
| cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What tissue forms glands for secretion of substances & waste excretion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tissue covers body surfaces? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of connective tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a connective tissue?
adipose
cartilage
bone
blood
skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 classifications of muscle? Which are automatic and which are voluntary? |
|
Definition
cardiac - auto
smooth - auto
skeletal - voluntary |
|
|
Term
| What is the most complex level of body organization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the nervous system? |
|
Definition
| gathering & processing of sensory information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups of tissues which serve to work for a common function |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 components of the pelvic girdle? |
|
Definition
Ilium (hook)
Ischium (pin)
Pubis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. poll
2. crest
3. shoulder
4. loin
5. hook
6. rump
7. pins
8. thigh
9. tarsus (hock)
10. shank
11. cod
12. paunch
13. flank
14. elbow
15. carpus (knee)
16. dew claw
17. brisket
18. dewlap
19. muzzle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Loin
2. Rump
3. Hock
4. Belly
5. Shank
6. Jowl
7. Snout
8. Shoulder
9. Flank |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Back
2. Shoulder
3. Loin
4. Thigh
5. Dock (tail)
6. Hock
7. Belly
8. Flank
9. Dewclaw
10. Breast |
|
|
Term
| What does the dorsal cavity consist of? |
|
Definition
cranial cavity (brain)
vertebral cavity (spinal cord & nerve roots) |
|
|
Term
| What does the ventral cavity consist of? |
|
Definition
| thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity & pelvic cavity |
|
|
Term
| What does the pelvic cavity consist of? |
|
Definition
| pelvis, bladder, reproductive organs, rectum |
|
|
Term
| Where is the mediastinum located? |
|
Definition
| Between the pleural coverings of the right & left lungs (interpleural space) |
|
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