Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Beef Lectures 1 & 2
Industry
31
Veterinary Medicine
Not Applicable
03/03/2017

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
How does beef generally move from conception to table?
Definition
Breeders
Commercial Cow-Calf
Backgrounders
Stockers
Feedlot
Packer
Retailer
Consumer
Term
Why is there sometimes a disconnect between consumer perception of quality of beef, and actual quality?
Definition
-consumers don't understand marbling, fat etc properly
-don't always know how to properly cook the cut they have
Term
What factors contribute to grading of beef?
Definition
-carcass size (500-1000lbs)
-marbling
-colouring
-age
Term
What are the two big quality factors that will result in producers receiving less $ for a carcass?
Definition
dark cutters
older animals
Term
How does marbling vary from prime to grade A?
Definition
Prime - Abundant
AAA - Moderate
AA - slight
A 0 trace
Term
Are ontario beef cattle processed in Canada or exported
Definition
primarily exported to PA

-not enough packing capacity in Ontario to process all the cattle we produce
Term
Are cattle primarily sold on a live weight or fresh weight basis or on the rail?
Definition
live weight
Term
True or False

Cattle are most feed efficient during the finishing phase
Definition
false

feed efficiency decreases when you're putting fat on the animal (most efficient during the growing phase, when you're developing frame)
Term
Cattle are typically on feed for ____ days
Definition
200
Term
Target live weight for cattle
Definition
1250 to 1450lbs
Term
What is the "chronic" pen in a feedlot?
Definition
cattle fed at a lower ration/energy rate. producer knows these animals have some kind of illness/inhibiting factor to their growth which will prevent them from gaining weight as well, so just provides enough to keep them relatively healthy until they can be culled
Term
What procedures does processing include?
Definition
-identification (eartag)
-vaccination
-paractiticide
-implants
-metaphylactic treatment
-castration/dehorning (sometimes)
Term
Cattle can be kept on slatted floors for a maximum of ____ months
Definition
5
Term
What is the major drawback to open lots?
Definition
mud & manure -> dag -> reduced carcass value
Term
True or False

Treating far fewer animals than the number you pull is a sign of good management
Definition
false

pulling animals is in itself a stressful activity. want to make sure you're only pulling those who are actually sick, so there's a balance between identifying for early treatment, and reducing stress
Term
What is the role of the stocker industry?
Definition
supply cattle to feedlots to provide beef to consumers year-round
Term
Calves are weaned at ___ months
Definition
6-8 months
Term
Heifers are bred at ____ months
Definition
13-15 months
Term
Heifers have their first calf at ___ months
Definition
22-24 months
Term
Gestation length of a cow
Definition
280d
Term
Target # of days open for a heiffer
Definition
85
Term
True or False

The end-goal of cow-calf production is to maximize the 'pounds' of calf sold per cow
Definition
False

Optimize! Optimal weight for a calf is different from maximum weight. You should only be feeding to peak feed efficiency
Term
True or False

In the cow-calf industry, production and profit are directly linked
Definition
false

Maximizing production will not bring an increase in return so great that it outweighs the increase in expenses
Term
When are cows & heifers typically bred for a spring calving target?
Definition
Heifers - June 1st
Cows - July 1st
Term
Target length for a heiffer breeding season
Definition
45-60 day (longer than this and your calving season will be spread out and difficult to manage)
Term
Target length for a cow breeding season
Definition
60d
Term
What type of year do you feed the most low-cost / low-quality diet?
Definition
Fall (october/november)

Calves are weaned, heiffers should be in good weight.
Term
A long pregnant cow is most likely to calve at the (beginning/end) of the breeding season
Definition
beginning (she's been pregnant a long time)
Term
What should you do if a cow is open at time of preg check?
Definition
cull - not worth feeding her for another year
Term
The cow-calf industry is (expansive/consolidated)
Definition
expansive
Term
The feedlot industry is (expansive/consolidated)
Definition
consolidated
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